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"This book examines the changing role of political parties and political leadership in fourteen modern democracies. As well as examining cross-national differences, it also analyses how modern democracies are increasingly following a presidential logic of governance"--Provided by publisher.
Parliamentary theory, practices, discourses, and institutions constitute a distinctively European contribution to modern politics. Taking a broad historical perspective, this cross-disciplinary, innovative, and rigorous collection locates the essence of parliamentarism in four key aspects—deliberation, representation, responsibility, and sovereignty—and explores the different ways in which they have been contested, reshaped, and implemented in a series of representative national and regional case studies. As one of the first comparative studies in conceptual history, this volume focuses on debates about the nature of parliament and parliamentarism within and across different European countries, representative institutions, and genres of political discourse.
Parties, governments and elites are at the core of the study of democracy. The traditional view is that parties as collective actors play a paramount role in the democratic process. However, this classical perspective has been challenged by political actors, observers of modern democracy as well as political scientists. Modern political parties assume different roles, contemporary leaders can more heavily influence politics, governments face new constraints and new collective bodies continue to form, propose new ways of participation and policy making, and attract citizens and activists. In the light of these observations, the comparative study of democracy faces a number of important and still largely unsolved questions that the present volume will address.
The Current Great Interest In The Question Of Parliamentarism Versus Presidentialism Coincides, Not Surprisingly, With The Wave Of Democratization And The Writing Of New Democratic Constitutions That Has Swept The World Since The Mid-1970S, Beginning In Southern Europe And Spreading To Latin America, East Asia, Eastern Europe, The Soviet Union And South Africa.The Book Is A Comparative Study Of Parliamentary System And The Presidential System. The Necessity Of Maintaining And Equilibrium Between The Presidency And Democracy; Also Between Parliamentarism And Democracy; Also Between Parliamentarism And Democracy Is A Central Theme Of This Book.The Book Is Primarily A Study In American And British Public Law. The Approach Is Partly Historical; Partly Analytical And Critical. For The Presidency Unfolds A Daily Drama Of The Reciprocal Interplay Of Human Character And Legal Concept That No Other Office On Earth Can Quite Emulate.Besides, The Book Also Treats The Intermediate Democratic Forms Such As French-Style Semi-Presidential Model. It Was Also Adopted In Portugal And Sri Lanka And Has Been Also Proposed In Several Latin American Countries, And Certain Political Experts And Politicians Recommend It For India. And, Therefore, Receives The Greatest Attention. The Main Subject Of The Debate Has Been The Respective Advantages And Disadvantages Of Parliamentary And Presidential Government. The Second Important Subject Is The Origins And Causes Of These Alternative Forms Of Government. And, Therefore, Receives The Greatest Attention. The Main Subject Of The Debate Has Been The Respective Advantages And Disadvantages Of Parliamentary And Presidential Government. The Second Important Subject Is The Origins And Causes Of These Alternative Forms Of Government. And The Third Question Which Logically Be The First Question Concerns The Exact Definition Of Parliamentary And Presidential Government As Well As The Definitions Of Forms Of Government That Appear To Be Intermediate Between Parliamentarism And Presidentialism. Can These Various Systems Of Governance Be Clearly And Unambiguously Distinguished From One Another?This Book Will Prove Useful To The Students Of Political Science, Politicians, Statesmen, Political Scientists And Law-Makers As Well As The General Reader, Who Is In Need Of A Short Exposition Of The Widely Differing Constitutional Arrangements For Different Countries Of The World.