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It is a pleasure to present this work, which has been well received in German-speaking countries through four editions, to the English-speaking reader. We feel that this is a unique publication in that it contains valuable material that cannot easily-if at all-be found elsewhere. We are grateful to the authors for reading through the English version of the text, and for responding promptly (for the most part) to our queries. Several authors have supplied us, on their own initiative or at our suggestion, with revised and updated manuscripts and with supplementary English references. We have striven to achieve a translation of Handbuch for Sternfreunde which accurately presents the qualitative and quantitative scientific principles con tained within each chapter while maintaining the flavor of the original Ger man text. Where appropriate, we have inserted footnotes to clarify material which may have a different meaning and/or application in English-speaking countries from that in Germany. When the first English edition of this work, Astronomy: A Handbook (translated by the late A. Beer), appeared in 1975, it contained 21 chapters. This new edition is over twice the length and contains 28 authored chap ters in three volumes. At Springer's request, we have devised a new title, Compendium of Practical Astronomy, to more accurately reflect the broad spectrum of topics and the vast body of information contained within these pages.
This brief provides an in-depth overview of the physics of hadron therapy, ranging from the history to the latest contributions to the subject. It covers the mechanisms of protons and carbon ions at the molecular level (DNA breaks and proteins 53BP1 and RPA), the physics and mathematics of accelerators (Cyclotron and Synchrotron), microdosimetry measurements (with new results so far achieved), and Monte Carlo simulations in hadron therapy using FLUKA (CERN) and MCHIT (FIAS) software. The text also includes information about proton therapy centers and carbon ion centers (PTCOG), as well as a comparison and discussion of both techniques in treatment planning and radiation monitoring. This brief is suitable for newcomers to medical physics as well as seasoned specialists in radiation oncology.
This book provides an overview of the emerging field of in situ visualization, i.e. visualizing simulation data as it is generated. In situ visualization is a processing paradigm in response to recent trends in the development of high-performance computers. It has great promise in its ability to access increased temporal resolution and leverage extensive computational power. However, the paradigm also is widely viewed as limiting when it comes to exploration-oriented use cases. Furthermore, it will require visualization systems to become increasingly complex and constrained in usage. As research efforts on in situ visualization are growing, the state of the art and best practices are rapidly maturing. Specifically, this book contains chapters that reflect state-of-the-art research results and best practices in the area of in situ visualization. Our target audience are researchers and practitioners from the areas of mathematics computational science, high-performance computing, and computer science that work on or with in situ techniques, or desire to do so in future.