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Preface -- Map -- 1. Inventing Zenobias: pen, brush and chisel -- 2. Zenobia - 'a brigand or, more accurately, a woman' -- 3. Bride of the desert: deliberately inventing Palmyra -- 4. Persia resurgent: the crisis of the third century -- 5. Just another usurper? The political legacy of the first Mr Zenobia -- 6. Arms and the woman: Zenobia goes to war -- 7. The French connection: guardians of the Rhine -- 8. Warrior and showman: the 'puzzling' emperor Aurelian -- 9. Showdown: Aurelian versus Zenobia's cooking-pot men -- 10. The end of the affair: golden chains and silver statue -- 11. Re-assessing Zenobia: 'a celebrated female sovereign' -- Appendix A. Odenathus' (alleged) titles: what did they mean? -- Appendix B. The Zenobia-Aurelian coalition theory and P.Wisc. 1.2 -- Notes -- Bibliography and abbreviations -- Index.
The rebellion of the dazzling Arab queen Zenobia against the fist of Roman domination
The ancient sources for the life and times of Zenobia are sparse, and the surviving literary works are biased towards the Roman point of view, much as are the sources for two other famous women who challenged Rome, Cleopatra and Boudica. In Empress Zenobia, Pat Southern seeks to tell the other side of the legendary 3rd century queen's place in history. As queen of Palmyra (present-day Syria), Zenobia was acknowledged in her lifetime as beautiful and clever, gathering round her at the Palmyrene court writers and poets, artists and philosophers. It was said that Zenobia claimed descent from Cleopatra, which cannot be true but is indicative of how she saw herself and how she intended to be seen by others at home and abroad. This lively narrative explores the legendary queen and charts the progression of her unequivocal declaration, not only of independence from Rome, but of supremacy. Initially, Zenobia acknowledged the suzerainty of the Roman Emperors, but finally began to call herself Augusta and her son Vaballathus Augustus. There could be no clearer challenge to the authority of Rome in the east, drawing the Emperor Aurelian to the final battles and the submission of Palmyra in AD 272. Zenobia's story has inspired many melodramatic fictions but few factual volumes of any authority have been published. Pat Southern's book is a lively account that is both up to date and authoritative, as well as thoroughly engaging.
Hailing from the Syrian city of Palmyra, a woman named Zenobia (also Bathzabbai) governed territory in the eastern Roman empire from 268 to 272. She thus became the most famous Palmyrene who ever lived. But sources for her life and career are scarce. This book situates Zenobia in the social, economic, cultural, and material context of her Palmyra. By doing so, it aims to shed greater light on the experiences of Zenobia and Palmyrene women like her at various stages of their lives. Not limiting itself to the political aspects of her governance, it contemplates what inscriptions and material culture at Palmyra enable us to know about women and the practice of gender there, and thus the world that Zenobia navigated. It reflects on her clothes, house, hygiene, property owning, gestures, religious practices, funerary practices, education, languages, social identities, marriage, and experiences motherhood, along with her meteoric rise to prominence and civil war. It also ponders Zenobia's legacy in light of the contemporary human tragedy in Syria.
The gripping conclusion to the bestselling Incas Trilogy. Peru, 1536. After three years of foreign occupation by the Conquistadors, the Incas finally launch their counter-offensive. Lulling the Spaniards into a false sense of security, they secretly mobilise, preparing themselves for the mother of all battles. On one side is Anamaya, an Incan princess determined to liberate her people. On the other her lover, the young Spanish nobleman, Gabriel Montelucar y Flores. Can Anamaya persuade Gabriel to switch sides for her? And will their love be strong enough to change the very destiny of the Inca race? This tale of the epic struggle between the New World and the Old is perfect for fans of Conn Iggulden and Ken Follett.