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The World Population Policies 2011 report delineates Governments' views and policies concerning population and development for 196 countries. In particular, it itemizes policies in the areas of population size and growth, population age structure, fertility, reproductive health and family planning, health and mortality, spatial distribution and internal migration, and international migration.--Preface.
This absorbing study explains why population control is no longer the focus of global population policy and why reproductive rights and health have become the major focus. Global Population Policy will appeal to a wide audience, including readers in the fields of women's studies, development politics and international relations.
This book examines the history behind the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of population policies in the more developed, the less developed, and the least developed countries from 1950 until today, as well as their future prospects. It links population policies with the theories of the demographic, epidemiological, and migratory transitions. It begins by summarizing the demographic situation around the world, with an emphasis on population policies and their underlying theories. Then, it reviews the early efforts to reduce mortality and fertility in the developing countries. This is followed by a description of the internationalization of the debate on population issues and the transformation of these programs into more formal population policies, particularly in the developing countries. The book reviews also the situation of the developed countries and their specific challenges – sub-replacement fertility, population aging, and immigration – and examines the effectiveness of population policies. It also explores the way forward and future prospects for population policies over the next decades. The book provides numerous concrete examples from all over the world, and show how population policies are actually implemented and what have been their successes as well as their constraints. Above all, the book highlights the importance of understanding underlying demographic trends when assessing the development prospects of any country. The book is recommended for not only demographers, social scientists, and policymakers but also economists and political scientists who are interested in social and demographic change around the world. Demography students and researchers who are interested in applying knowledge on population trends and prospects in designing and evaluating public policies will find this an invaluable reference work.
This book is about the challenge posed by the unprecedented growth of the world's population and the response that has been made to that challenge by the United Nations.
Part one of this report provides a global overview of demographic trends for major areas and selected countries. It reviews trends relating to population size and growth, urbanization and city growth, population ageing, fertility and contraception, mortality, including HIV/AIDS, and international migration. In addition, a section on population policies has been included. World population reached 6.5 billion in 2005. But considerable diversity in population size and growth lies behind this number. The population of many countries, particularly those in Africa and Asia, will increase greatly in the coming decades. In contrast, owing to below-replacement fertility levels, some developed countries are expected to experience significant population decline. Half the world's population is expected to live in urban areas by 2007, and the world population is also becoming older. The second part of the report considers the relationship of these population trends and the implementation of the ICPD Programme of Action to fulfilling the development goals agreed to by the international community. The report concludes that implementing the ICPD Programme of Action - including action on child mortality, the improvement of maternal health, and the universal access to primary education - will contribute significantly to the achievement of these goals, including the goals contained in the Millennium Declaration.
In mid-1986, world population stood at 5 billion. The United Nations now projects that in less than fifty years world population will at least double, and may reach over 12 billion. Is this cause for alarm? What are the choices ahead for the United States? The experts shed light on these questions and others in this new collection from the American Assembly.