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An economy that operates 24/7—as ours now does—imposes extraordinary burdens on workers. Two-fifths of all employed Americans work mostly during evenings, nights, weekends, or on rotating shifts outside the traditional 9-to-5 work day. The pervasiveness of nonstandard work schedules has become a significant social phenomenon, with important implications for the health and well-being of workers and their families. In Working in a 24/7 Economy, Harriet Presser looks at the effects of nonstandard work schedules on family functioning and shows how these schedules disrupt marriages and force families to cobble together complex child-care arrangements that should concern us all. The number of hours Americans work has received ample attention, but the issue of which hours—or days—Americans work has received much less scrutiny. Working in a 24/7 Economy provides a comprehensive overview of who works nonstandard schedules and why. Presser argues that the growth in women's employment, technological change, and other demographic changes over the past thirty years gave rise to the growing demand for late-shift and weekend employment in the service sector. She also demonstrates that most people who work these hours do so primarily because it is a job requirement, rather than a choice based on personal considerations. Presser shows that the consequences of working nonstandard schedules often differ for men and women since housework and child-rearing remain assigned primarily to women even when both spouses are employed. As with many other social problems, the burden of these schedules disproportionately affects the working poor, reflecting their lack of options in the workplace and adding to their disadvantage. Presser also documents how such work arrangements have created a new rhythm of daily life within many American families, including those with two earners and absent fathers. With spouses often not at home together in the evenings or nights, and parents often not at home with their children at such times, the relatively new concept of "home-time" has emerged as primary concern for families across the nation. Employing a wealth of empirical data, Working in a 24/7 Economy shows that nonstandard work schedules are both highly prevalent among American families and generate a level of complexity in family functioning that demands greater public attention. Presser makes a convincing case for expanded research and meaningful policy initiatives to address this growing social phenomenon.
An economy that operates 24/7—as ours now does—imposes extraordinary burdens on workers. Two-fifths of all employed Americans work mostly during evenings, nights, weekends, or on rotating shifts outside the traditional 9-to-5 work day. The pervasiveness of nonstandard work schedules has become a significant social phenomenon, with important implications for the health and well-being of workers and their families. In Working in a 24/7 Economy, Harriet Presser looks at the effects of nonstandard work schedules on family functioning and shows how these schedules disrupt marriages and force families to cobble together complex child-care arrangements that should concern us all. The number of hours Americans work has received ample attention, but the issue of which hours—or days—Americans work has received much less scrutiny. Working in a 24/7 Economy provides a comprehensive overview of who works nonstandard schedules and why. Presser argues that the growth in women's employment, technological change, and other demographic changes over the past thirty years gave rise to the growing demand for late-shift and weekend employment in the service sector. She also demonstrates that most people who work these hours do so primarily because it is a job requirement, rather than a choice based on personal considerations. Presser shows that the consequences of working nonstandard schedules often differ for men and women since housework and child-rearing remain assigned primarily to women even when both spouses are employed. As with many other social problems, the burden of these schedules disproportionately affects the working poor, reflecting their lack of options in the workplace and adding to their disadvantage. Presser also documents how such work arrangements have created a new rhythm of daily life within many American families, including those with two earners and absent fathers. With spouses often not at home together in the evenings or nights, and parents often not at home with their children at such times, the relatively new concept of "home-time" has emerged as primary concern for families across the nation. Employing a wealth of empirical data, Working in a 24/7 Economy shows that nonstandard work schedules are both highly prevalent among American families and generate a level of complexity in family functioning that demands greater public attention. Presser makes a convincing case for expanded research and meaningful policy initiatives to address this growing social phenomenon.
1. Mapping the Contours of Work 1 Scenes From the New Economy 3 Culture and Work 6 Structure and Work 11 Class Structures 12 Job Markets and Job Demands 13 Demography and the New Labor Force 16 Agency and Careers 18 Conclusion 20 2. How New Is the New Economy? 23 The Old in the New 24 A Post-Industrial Society? 24 The End of Mass Production? 26 New Cultures of Control? 30 The End of Organized Labor? 32 A New Global Economy? 36 The Old in the New: A Summary 38 Class Chasms in the New Economy 38 Class and Opportunity in the United States 39 Class and Opportunity in the Developing World 44 Are International Economic Divides Widening or Narrowing? 46 Conclusion 51 3. Gender Chasms in the New Economy 53 When did Home Work Become Nonwork? 54 Women's Participation in the Paid Labor Force in America 57 Gender Inequalities in Compensation 59 Socialization, Career Selection, and Career Paths 61 Interpersonal Discrimination in the Workplace 68 Structural Dimensions of Gender Discrimination 73 The Devaluation of Women's Work 74 How Job Designs Discriminate 75 Strategies to Bridge the Care Gaps: International Comparisons 78 Conclusion 84 4. Race, Ethnicity, and Work: Legacies of the Past, Problems in the Present 87 Histories of Race, Ethnicity, and Work 88 African American Exceptionality 88 The Immigrant Experience 90 The Magnitude of Racial Inequality in the New Economy 93 Intergenerational Transmission of Resources 96 Race, Ethnicity, and Economic Capital 97 Race, Ethnicity, and Human Capital 98 Race, Ethnicity, and Social Capital 100 Race, Ethnicity, and Cultural Capital 102 Geographic Distribution of Race and Work Opportunity 104 Racial Discrimination 107 Prejudice and Discrimination 107 Racialized Jobs 109 Race, Ethnicity, and Work: Social Policy 110 Affirmative Action 111 Immigration Policy 113 Conclusion 117 5. Whose Jobs Are Secure? 119 Risk and Work: Historical and Comparative Views 120 How Insecure Are Workers in the New Economy? 125 The Costs of Job Loss and Insecurity 130 Responding to Insecurity: Old and New Careers 134 Conclusion 139 6. A Fair Day's Work? The Intensity and Scheduling of Jobs in the New Economy 141 Time, Intensity, and Work 142 How Long Are We Working? Comparative Frameworks 145 Working Long, Working Hard 151 Why Are Americans Working So Much? 153 Nonstandard Schedules: Jobs in a 24/7 Economy 157 How Americans Deal With Overwork 160 Conclusion 163 7. Reshaping the Contours of the New Economy 165 Opportunity Chasms 166 Class Chasms 166 Gender Chasms 167 Racial and Ethnic Chasms 168 International Chasms 169 The Agents of Change 171 The Role of Individuals 171 The Role of Activist Groups 173 The Role of Organized Labor 175 The Role of Employers 179 The Role of Government 182 The Role of International Organizations 187 Conclusion 192.
Makes correlations between success and geography, explaining how such rising centers of innovation as San Francisco and Austin are likely to offer influential opportunities and shape the national and global economies in positive or detrimental ways.
In the highly-anticipated second edition of Changing Contours of Work: Jobs and Opportunities in the New Economy, authors Sweet and Meiskins once again provide a rich analysis of the American workplace in the larger context of an integrated global economy. Through engaging vignettes and rich data, this text frames the development of jobs and employment opportunities in an international comparative perspective, revealing the historical transformations of work and identifying the profound effects that these changes have had on lives, jobs, and life chances. This text brings into focus the many complexities of class, race, and gender inequalities in the modern-day workplace, as well as details the consequences of job insecurity and work schedules mismatched to family needs. Throughout, strategic recommendations are offered that could help make the new economy work for us all.
Today, most Americans are working in the gig economy--mixing together short-term jobs, contract work, and freelance assignments. Learn how to embrace the independent and self-sufficient world of freelance! The Gig Economy is your guide to this uncertain but ultimately rewarding world. Packed with research, exercises, and anecdotes, this eye-opening book supplies strategies--ranging from the professional to the personal--to help you leverage your skills, knowledge, and network to create your own career trajectory. In this book, you will learn how to: Construct a life based on your priorities and vision of success Cultivate connections without networking Create your own security Build flexibility into your financial life Face your fears by reducing risk Corporate jobs are not only unstable--they’re increasingly scarce. It’s time to take charge of your own career and lead the life you want, one immune to the impulsive whims of an employer looking only at today’s bottom line. Start mapping out your place in the gig economy today!
This Open Access book provides a thorough analysis of the quality of work in the Netherlands, and suggests policy proposals to promote and facilitate good work for more people. New technology, flexibilization and the intensification of work will have significant consequences for all those who will still have jobs in the future, and – much less studied so far – for the quality of their work. Good work is essential for general well-being: for the individual’s quality of life, for the economy and for society. Good work for everyone should therefore be seen as an important aspiration for companies, institutions, social partners and governments. An essential read for an international audience of academics in the field of the sociology of work, labor economics and social policy, as well as for policymakers and researchers of trade unions, and representatives of other social movements.
"Sociological essays on policies that could help employees balance their workplace responsibilities with their other responsibilities. Policies examined encompass organizational policies, municipal policies, state policies, and federal policies. Workers studied include salaried professionals and low-wage part-time hourly workers"--Provided by publisher.
First Published in 2007. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Abstract: This study mapped the changes in the timing of working hours in Belgium as reported in workers' daily work schedules, obtained from the Belgian Time-Use Surveys of 1966 and 1999. A typology of working schedules was drawn up by means of a sequence analysis. This approach showed that work performed beyond the standard times, that is, in the evening, at night, or on weekends, did not grow in importance in the intervening years. In 1999, standard working hours clearly accounted for a larger share of the work schedules of the active population. Although the analyses did certainly not corroborate the often alleged trend towards a 24-hour society in Belgium, it could be shown that certain categories of the working population are more susceptible to flexible working hours than others