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Since the sixth edition of this classic text/reference was published in 1981, there have been so many developments in the field that the new seventh edition represents an almost total rewrite of the subject matter. The opportunity has been taken to rearrange the structure and broaden the scope to cover areas of conversion, machining and the application of paints and finishes; the format has also been enlarged to improve readability. Part 1 contains chapters that deal with the structure of wood at the gross, cellular and molecular levels; variability is also covered. Part 2 has five chapters on the properties of wood, with special coverage of elastic behaviour, toughness and the use of structural-sized timber for strength tests. Part 3 on processing has material on several new areas not covered in earlier editions of the book; for example, log conversion, seasoning, and the machining of wood and board. The discussion of grading and grade stresses is fully updated. Part 4 on utilisation examines the latest techniques and standards for the manufacture of wood products. Part 5 examines all aspects of timber in service, including protection and preservation. The book will appeal to a wide readership, both as a student text and reference. Students of wood science and forestry at undergraduate and equivalent level will find it of special value. All institutions with courses in the built environment will wish to make the book available as a reference source.
The international perspective of this wide-ranging handbook embraces temperate and tropical woods, as well as first-time coverage of uses of bark.
One of the oldest construction materials is wood which, technically speaking, belongs to the group of polymer matrix composites; one which is conveniently and expertly produced by Nature. Due to its organic cell-type structure, the density of wood remains modest. Thus, as its strength and stiffness can - in certain cases - attain remarkable values, its levels of specific strength and stiffness (absolute strength or stiffness divided by density) can reach magnitudes which are competitive with those of other construction materials. It is demonstrated, for instance, that the specific strength of wood in the axial direction can exceed those of low-carbon steel and concrete. Its specific stiffness can also be comparable to those of aluminum alloys and low-carbon steels, and is better than that of concrete. In constructional design, especially in the dimensioning of supports, the values of specific strength and stiffness are of utmost importance.
Wood is the most versatile raw material available to man. It isburned as fuel, shaped into utensils, used as a structuralengineering material, converted into fibres for paper production,and put to newer uses as a source of industrial chemicals. Its quality results largely from the chemical and physicalstructure of the cell walls of its component fibres, which can bemodified in nature as the tree responds to physical environmentalstresses. Internal stresses can accumulate, which are releasedcatastrophically when the tree is felled, often rendering thetimber useless. The quality of timber as an engineering materialalso depends on the structure of the wood and the way in which ithas developed in the living tree. Tree improvement for quality cannot be carried out without anunderstanding of the biological basis underlying wood formation andstructure. This volume brings together the viewpoints of bothbiologists and physical scientists, covering the spectrum from theformation of wood to its structure and properties, and relatingthese properties to industrial use. This is a volume for researchers and professionals in plantphysiology, molecular biology and biochemistry.