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The integration of gender studies with disability scholarship.
"Women and girls with disabilities find themselves constantly having to deal with multiple, intersectional discrimination due to both their gender and their disability, as well as social conditioning. Indeed, the intersection made up of factors such as race, ethnic origin, social background, cultural substrate, age, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, gender, disability, status as refugee or migrant and others besides, has a multiplying effect that increases discrimination yet further. Where conditions are equal, women with disabilities do not enjoy equal opportunities in terms of their participation in all aspects of society; rather, they are all too often excluded, amongst others from education, employment, access to poverty reduction programmes, from taking part in political and public lives and, moreover, some legislative deeds actually prevent them from making decisions regarding their own lives, also as regards sexual and reproductive rights. History, attitudes and prejudices of the societies to which we belong, including of families, have created and continue to feed into a negative stereotypical image of women and girls with disabilities, thereby helping further isolate and marginalise them yet more. Very often, they are also ignored by information media and, when they do gain media attention, the approach tends to considers them from the perspective of medical-assistance needs, silencing their abilities and valuable contribution to the society in which they live. The book seeks to pay the right attention to the condition of women with disabilities, offering points for reflection, also on the different, often invisible, cultural and social undertones that continue today to feed into prejudicial stereotypes"--
This collection of essays both reframes disability in terms of social processes and offers a global, multicultural perspective on the subject. It explores the significance of mental, sensory and motor impairments in light of fundamental, culturally determined assumptions about humanity.
Extraordinary Bodies is a cornerstone text of disability studies, establishing the field upon its publication in 1997. Framing disability as a minority discourse rather than a medical one, the book added depth to oppressive narratives and revealed novel, liberatory ones. Through her incisive readings of such texts as Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin and Rebecca Harding Davis's Life in the Iron Mills, Rosemarie Garland-Thomson exposed the social forces driving representations of disability. She encouraged new ways of looking at texts and their depiction of the body and stretched the limits of what counted as a text, considering freak shows and other pop culture artifacts as reflections of community rites and fears. Garland-Thomson also elevated the status of African-American novels by Toni Morrison and Audre Lorde. Extraordinary Bodies laid the groundwork for an appreciation of disability culture and an inclusive new approach to the study of social marginalization.
The essays in this volume are contributions to feminist disability studies. The essays constitute an interdisciplinary dialogue regarding the meaning of feminist disability studies and the implications of its insights regarding identity, the body, and experience.
'This is a welcome addition to the literature on women with disabilities... it is a good resource for those working in international development, whether they are scholars, women with disabilities or policymakers' - Gender and Development This volume consists of critical and theoretical articles about women with disabilities in both developed and developing countries. Disabled women and their place in these societies has been a subject that has been neglected in the past, therefore these essays will fill a gap in the evolving literature on disability studies. The nature of the problems faced by disabled women are such that they need to be addressed by both the feminist and disability movements. But the fact is that they remain invisible within the women's movement at large. This volume, therefore, attempts to provide a space to women with disabilities in the global feminist literature and movement.
How are disability and rehabilitation conceived of in different cultures? How can these concepts be made accessible? Studies from the fields of sociology, ethnology and educational science address these questions, while contributors from rehabilitation projects in development cooperation and from self-help movements highlight culturally different perceptions of disability. A distinctive feature of this volume is the dialogue it creates by bringing together scientific praxis and practical work. This book is a collection of virtually all the contributions presented and discussed at the symposium Local Concepts and Beliefs about Disability in Different Cultures. Here, people with disabilities from both North and South met with special education professionals, people working in development cooperation organizations and students and academics from different disciplines concerned with disability, and started a dialogue which is reflected in this volume. This dialogue, which was initiated at the symposium, should serve to continue in greater depth on the basis of this anthology. The reader has the further aim of carrying the dialogue beyond the restricted circle of symposium participants and making it accessible and comprehensible to a wider public. Disability in Different Cultures is an essential issue in development cooperation. On the one hand, disabilities, whether physical, mental or emotional, can be seen as parameters for the structural disadvantaging and deficits of the countries with so-called catching-up development. They are very frequently the results of hunger, malnutrition and wars. Thus NGOs are confronted with the issue of disability, regardless of the social and economicareas with which they are concerned. Another reason for addressing the issue of Disability in Different Cultures is that it is wide-reaching, even if it is the evident at first glance, and relates to the emancipatory potential of the topic. In exploring the wide variety of local concepts of and different ideas and beliefs about disability, it becomes strikingly clear just how differently a disability may be judged. In this light, disability can no longer be perceived as a physical, psychological or mental characteristic that a person is born with or has acquired in the course of her or his life. It becomes evident that to a large degree attitudes and interaction with others, which are usual in the respective social context form and influences the nature and extent of a disability, thereby determines the life of the disabled person.
Disability and gender, terms that have previously seemed so clear-cut, are becoming increasingly complex in light of new politics and scholarship. These words now suggest complicated sets of practices and ways of being. Contributors to this innovative collection explore the intersection of gender and disability in the arts, consumer culture, healing, the personal and private realms, and the appearance of disability in the public sphere--both in public fantasies and in public activism. Beginning as separate enterprises that followed activist and scholarly paths, gender and disability studies have reached a point where they can move beyond their boundaries for a common landscape to inspire new areas of inquiry. Whether from a perspective in the humanities, social sciences, sciences, or arts, the shared subject matter of gender and disability studies--the body, social and cultural hierarchy, identity, discrimination and inequality, representation, and political activism--insistently calls for deeper conversation. This volume provides fresh findings not only about the discrimination practiced against women and people with disabilities, but also about the productive parallelism between these two categories.
Mary Grimley Mason describes the viewpoints, struggles, strategies, and triumphs of eighteen women with a range of physical and sensory impairments. She relates how each came to terms with her disability and achieved self-identity and self-sufficiency in an able-bodied world. Drawing on thirty extensive interviews, Mason skillfully interweaves her own experience of childhood polio with the voices of impaired women across generations and from diverse race, ethnic, class, and work backgrounds. Although each woman's story and perspective are unique, the compelling narratives in this illuminating and teachable volume reveal shared concerns and feelings about the ways in which the disabled see themselves, how others perceive the impaired, and how our workplace culture perpetuates the double hindrance of gender and disability discrimination. The women profiled here express in their own words the process of claiming their disability and integrating it into their identity, the adjustment to various dependencies and caregivers, and approaches to coping with social discrimination and marginalization. They also discuss overcoming such obstacles in the workplace as an employer's refusal to grant an interview, lack of accommodations after employment, and negative stereotyping on the job or in job placement. In these accounts we meet, for example, Debbie, born with cerebral palsy, who struggled to get her family to accept her as she is; Barbara, born with orthopedic problems, who confronted her mother's fear that she would not be employed or find a husband; and Adrienne, blind from birth, who aggressively confronted discrimination in the workplace through litigation. Taken together, the stories of these ordinary yet remarkable individuals build a sense of community. Working against Odds tells disabled women that they are not alone in grappling with the tremendous barriers to independence and helps able-bodied readers understand the challenging life choices and work experiences of those with impairments. As a whole, the insightful book offers an intimate view of disability history and issues in America.
Disabilities, Culture and Identity is a succinct and accessible presentation of current research on disability, culture and identity. It is an ideal text for students and lecturers alike studying and working in the areas of Disability Studies and Social Policy. Disabilities, Culture and Identity provides a comprehensive and well-structured introduction to an area of growing importance. The authors provide up-to-date and extensive coverage of the development of thinking on cultures of disability, including those relating to people with learning difficulties, people with mental health problems and people with learning difficulties Also covered in detail are critical areas in disability studies including: Development of the social model of disability Disability and the politics of social justice Disability and theories of culture and media Disability, ethnicity and generation The policy options for empowering disabled people, and how the disabled are empowering themselves The disability arts movement Media treatment of disability