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An investigation has been conducted to determine the opening characteristics of several hemispherical parachutes and to study the influence of the parachute design variables on these opening characteristics. The effects of design variables on the drag and stability characteristics of the parachutes were also evaluated.
The rotor system investigated is a servocontrol type with blades fastened rigidly at the hub and twisted outboard by auxiliary airfoils called flaps to obtain pitch control.
Tests were conducted in the 40-inch supersonic wind tunnel of the von Karman Gas Dynamics Facility to investigate the drag and stability characteristics of a series of fabric parachute models. The models were tested at Mach numbers from 1.5 to 5 at dynamic pressures corresponding to altitudes of 65,000 to 135,000 ft, respectively. Three basic configurations were examined: conventional ribbon parachutes with varied amounts of reefing, flat-roofed parachutes (hyperflo canopy designs) without reefing, and tandem-canopy parachutes composed of reefed ribbon parachutes with hyperflo canopies sewn in the suspension lines. Drag and motion data for each configuration were recorded by oscillograph drag traces and high-speed schlieren and regular movies. The performance of the various chutes is discussed, and drag data are presented. (Author).
Measurements have been made of the mean total-head and temperature fields in a round turbulent jet with various initial temperatures.