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Publisher Provided Annotation The California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program is California's response to the welfare reforms Congress set in motion in 1996. In late 1998, RAND conducted the first of three statewide surveys on CalWORKs implementation. Survey responses indicate that the counties have made significant administrative changes in welfare operations, in the structure and organization of their welfare departments and other agencies, in staffing, and in information systems. Many counties have completed planning activities and have fully operational program components. Most counties report no major implementation problems to date but anticipate problems in the future with cumulative lifetime limits and work requirements. A majority of counties agreed that environmental characteristics such as the job market, housing, and transportation have hindered implementation; interagency relationships, planning, and experience with welfare reform have facilitated it. Nearly all agree that special-needs child care and transportation are inadequate. Complete survey responses from the 58 counties are contained in a companion volume.
This report provides the results of the 1999 All-County Implementation Survey (ACIS) conducted as part of RAND's statewide evaluation of CalWORKs. It summarizes the responses of all 58 California counties to questions about their experiences to date with implementing CalWORKs. The contract between CDSS and RAND for the Statewide CalWORKs Evaluation requires an All-County Implementation Survey (ACIS) in the Fall of 1998, 1999, and 2000 and specifies a response rate of at least 80 percent. This second ACIS was developed in collaboration with CDSS and other state and county agencies and stakeholders. It was reviewed at the county welfare department (CWD) level by the six coordinators in the evaluation's focus counties. The 1999 questionnaire includes 22 questions, many of which were also included in the 1998 questionnaire. The final survey was mailed out September 29, 1999. By November 16, 1999, responses had been received from all 58 California counties. Overall, the responses to the 1999 ACIS indicate that California counties continue to explore a variety of approaches to CalWORKs program implementation. Their experiences continue to vary significantly throughout the state in terms of what works well and what remains a problem. There are few areas in which all counties agree on a single approach or innovative strategies, though almost all reported some successful strategies. The implementation challenges most frequently noted were use of post employment/job retention services, improving computer systems, and obtaining compliance with required CalWORKs activities. Coordinating the three stages of child care and monitoring and reporting on program performance were the most often cited implementation problems. Fifty-one counties reported that public transportation hinders CalWORKs implementation, and 45 of 58 agree that interagency relationships facilitate implementation.
Publisher Provided Annotation The California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program is California's response to the welfare reforms Congress set in motion in 1996. In late 1998, RAND conducted the first of three statewide surveys on CalWORKs implementation. Survey responses indicate that the counties have made significant administrative changes in welfare operations, in the structure and organization of their welfare departments and other agencies, in staffing, and in information systems. Many counties have completed planning activities and have fully operational program components. Most counties report no major implementation problems to date but anticipate problems in the future with cumulative lifetime limits and work requirements. A majority of counties agreed that environmental characteristics such as the job market, housing, and transportation have hindered implementation; interagency relationships, planning, and experience with welfare reform have facilitated it. Nearly all agree that special-needs child care and transportation are inadequate. Complete survey responses from the 58 counties are contained in a companion volume.
Publisher Provided Annotation The California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program is California's response to the welfare reforms Congress set in motion in 1996. In late 1998, RAND conducted the first of three statewide surveys on CalWORKs implementation. Survey responses indicate that the counties have made significant administrative changes in welfare operations, in the structure and organization of their welfare departments and other agencies, in staffing, and in information systems. Many counties have completed planning activities and have fully operational program components. Most counties report no major implementation problems to date but anticipate problems in the future with cumulative lifetime limits and work requirements. A majority of counties agreed that environmental characteristics such as the job market, housing, and transportation have hindered implementation; interagency relationships, planning, and experience with welfare reform have facilitated it. Nearly all agree that special-needs child care and transportation are inadequate. Complete survey responses from the 58 counties are contained in a companion volume.
The California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program is California's response to the welfare reforms Congress set in motion in 1996. In late 1998, RAND conducted the first of three statewide surveys on CalWORKs implementation. Survey responses indicate that the counties have made significant administrative changes in welfare operations, in the structure and organization of their welfare departments and other agencies, in staffing, and in information systems. Many counties have completed planning activities and have fully operational program components. Most counties report no major implementation problems to date but anticipate problems in the future with cumulative lifetime limits and work requirements. A majority of counties agreed that environmental characteristics such as the job market, housing, and transportation have hindered implementation; interagency relationships, planning, and experience with welfare reform have facilitated it. Nearly all agree that special-needs child care and transportation are inadequate. Complete survey responses from the 58 counties are contained in a companion volume.
The California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program is California's response to the welfare reforms Congress set in motion in 1996. The most visible features of this program are its emphasis on moving welfare recipients from reliance on government cash assistance to work and toward self-sufficiency; its use of time limits and participation requirements; its provision of certain services, such as child care and job search assistance, to make participation easier; and its devolution of program authority from the state to the county level. This executive summary focuses on the four themes that have emerged from the authors' work to date: (1) Organizations have changed in response to the expanded mission of CalWORKs, despite limited time for planning. (2) Implementation is under way, but recipient compliance is low. (3) Counties currently have sufficient funds, but this may change. (4) Achieving earnings needed to achieve self-sufficiency before time limits expire is a challenge.
This document reports on the third and final wave of the All County Implementation Survey (ACIS). The ACIS is a key component in RAND?s multi-method exploration of the implementation of California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program (i.e., the Process Analysis component of RAND?s Statewide Evaluation of CalWORKs). RAND?s methods involve intensive work with six focus counties--Alameda, Butte, Fresno, Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Diego--and more limited work, including two years of field visits and surveys of caseworkers, in 18 follow-up counties. As its name implies, the ACIS complements these efforts in a subset of counties by collecting some information from the county welfare departments (CWDs) in each of California?s 58 counties.There is a natural trade-off between the number of counties covered and the intensity of the investigation. At the extensive end of the spectrum, the ACIS was conducted as a mail survey. This method limits the number of issues that can be explored and the depth with which they can be explored. These limits were especially constraining given our desire to achieve response from each of the counties and given comments that the second ACIS was too long. Taken together, these two considerations led us to carefully consider items for inclusion on the third wave of the survey.
Presents the results of the second annual All-County Implementation Surveys (ACIS) conducted as part of RAND's statewide evaluation of the CalWORKs program. California counties continuew to explore a variety of approaches to CalWORKs program implementation and their experiences continue to vary significantly.