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The border region lies 100 kilometers/60 miles on each side of the U.S.-Mexican border and encompasses parts of four states in the United States and the six Mexican states of Baja California. Approximately 12 million people live in the U.S. counties and Mexican municipalities on the border. The high density of people and increased industrialization since the passage of NAFTA has placed an even greater burden on the inadequate infrastructure and environnmental resources of the region. Exacerbating the problem is the fact that many U.S. counties along the border are categorized as "economically distressed." and few communities possess the resources needed to address environmental concerns. This volume examines many of the environmental issues that pertain to this rapid urbanization in this region.
The Mexican -- United States border represents much more than the meeting place of two nations. Our border communities are often a line of first defense -- absorbing the complex economic, environmental and social impacts of globalization that ripple through the region. In many ways, our success or failure in finding solutions for the environmental, social and economic issues that plague the region may well define our ability to meet similar challenges thousands of miles from the border zone. Border residents face the environmental security concerns posed by water scarcity and transboundary air pollution; the planning and infrastructure needs of an exploding population; the debilitating effects of inadequate sanitary and health facilities; and the crippling cycle of widespread poverty. Yet, with its manifold problems, the border area remains an area of great dynamism and hope -- a multicultural laboratory of experimentation and grass-roots problem-solving. Indeed, as North America moves towards a more integrated economy, citizen action at the local level is pushing governments to adapt to the driving forces in the border area by creating new institutional arrangements and improving old ones. If there is one defining feature of this ground-up push for more responsive transboundary policies and institutions, it is a departure from the closed, formalistic models of the past to a more open, transparent and participatory model of international interaction.
Defines five-year objectives for the border environment and describes the mechanism for fulfilling those objectives.