Download Free Visual And Non Visual Effects Of Light Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Visual And Non Visual Effects Of Light and write the review.

The introduction of artificial lighting extends the time of wakefulness after dark and enables work at night, thus disturbing the human circadian rhythm. The understanding of the physiological mechanisms of visual and non-visual systems may be important for the development and use of proper light infrastructure and light interventions for different workplace settings, especially for shift work conditions. Visual and Non-Visual Effects of Light: Working Environment and Well-Being presents the impact of lighting in the working environment on human health, well-being and visual performance. The physiological explanation of the visual and non-visual effects of light on humans which discusses the biological bases of image and non-image forming vision at the cellular level may be of particular interest to any professional in the field of medicine, physiology, and biology. It is one of the intentions of this book to put forward some recommendations and examples of lighting design which take into account both the visual and non-visual effects of light on humans. These may be of particular interest to any professional in the field of lighting, occupational safety and health, and interior design. "What effects on health can a light ‘overdose’ or light deficiency have? What is bad light? The authors of the monograph provide answers to these questions. Just as for a physicist, the dual nature of light comprises an electromagnetic wave and a photon, the duality of light for a physician comprises visual and non-visual effects." --------------------------------------------------------Prof Jacek Przybylski, Medical University of Warsaw "This is a unique publication in the field of lighting technology. The authors have skillfully combined both the technical and biomedical aspects involved, which is unprecedented in the literature available. As a result, an important study has been created for many professional groups, with a significant impact on the assessment of risks associated with LED sources." --------------------------------------------Prof Andrzej Zając, Military University of Technology, Warsaw
The introduction of artificial lighting extends the time of wakefulness after dark and enables work at night, thus disturbing the human circadian rhythm. The understanding of the physiological mechanisms of visual and non-visual systems may be important for the development and use of proper light infrastructure and light interventions for different workplace settings, especially for shift work conditions. Visual and Non-Visual Effects of Light: Working Environment and Well-Being presents the impact of lighting in the working environment on human health, well-being and visual performance. The physiological explanation of the visual and non-visual effects of light on humans which discusses the biological bases of image and non-image forming vision at the cellular level may be of particular interest to any professional in the field of medicine, physiology, and biology. It is one of the intentions of this book to put forward some recommendations and examples of lighting design which take into account both the visual and non-visual effects of light on humans. These may be of particular interest to any professional in the field of lighting, occupational safety and health, and interior design. "What effects on health can a light ‘overdose’ or light deficiency have? What is bad light? The authors of the monograph provide answers to these questions. Just as for a physicist, the dual nature of light comprises an electromagnetic wave and a photon, the duality of light for a physician comprises visual and non-visual effects." --------------------------------------------------------Prof Jacek Przybylski, Medical University of Warsaw "This is a unique publication in the field of lighting technology. The authors have skillfully combined both the technical and biomedical aspects involved, which is unprecedented in the literature available. As a result, an important study has been created for many professional groups, with a significant impact on the assessment of risks associated with LED sources." --------------------------------------------Prof Andrzej Zając, Military University of Technology, Warsaw
"Solar radiation has a profound effect on the human organism. This effect might be transformed by artificial illumination. The aim of this bibliography is to bring together in a comprehensive form the existing knowledge regarding the normal physiological and psychological effects of light and colour, including the following topics: Effects of solar radiation on the skin; physiological effects of daylight and artificial illumination entering the eye; preferences for light, colour and visual patterns ; the impact of culture and personality; light and colour in the built environment. Amongst others, the review indicates artificial light might cause stress-like reactions, if it is intense, if the spectrum considerably deviates from that of natural daylight, or if it is flickering and glaring." The bibliography was compiled at the Environmental Psychology Unit, Lund Institute of Technology, with financial support from the Swedish Council for Building Research. It constitutes a CIE TC 3.5 sub-committee report. (240 pages, 1.700 references).
The availability of electric lighting has changed the lives of people the world over and lighting is a major consumer of energy, yet little has been written about the forms of lighting that can alter human visual capabilities and enhance productivity, ensure comfort and create appropriate lighting conditions. It is important to understand the forms of lighting available, and their appropriateness to specific activities, in order to apply the technology most effectively. This book is a comprehensive review of the interaction of people and lighting and supercedes the author's classic Human Factors in Lighting. The technology has changed markedly in recent years with the introduction of new light sources and new methods of light distribution. The significance of specialist lighting applications, such as photobiology, are now becoming better understood. The nature of work itself has changed, and hence so have lighting requirements. Equally, the development of the technology has created new opportunities for improving peoples' work and leisure environments.
The effects of light on the human body can be generally classified into visual effects (IF) and non-visual effects (NIF). The IF is responsible for vision, while the NIF is responsible for many physiological, psychological, and behavioral rhythms. Daylight has been usually preferred over artificial light to meet the IF and NIF needs. The variable amount, spectral composition, timing, and duration of daylight throughout the day make it more potent in regulating circadian rhythms. Researchers reported that children and adolescents are more sensitive to lighting (both daylight and artificial light) than adults. This calls for special consideration for classrooms design as children spend around 30% of their life in school. Decisions made at the early stages of classroom design significantly impact the visual and non-visual benefits obtained from light, as the built environment can alter the light characteristics inside spaces. These decisions also influence the energy performance of classrooms and schools. This study uses multi-objective optimization to find the optimal classroom design in different climate zones in the U.S. based on visual, non-visual, and energy performance criteria. The visual benefits of daylight are expressed as the daylighting conditions at the horizontal desk-plane, while the non-visual benefits are expressed as the daylighting conditions at the vertical eye-level. Two classrooms-corridors typologies are explored in this dissertation: classrooms connected to single-loaded corridors and classrooms connected to double-loaded corridors. The optimal classrooms design and the design parameters' level of importance have been identified for both typologies. The Department of Energy (DOE) primary school reference building has been used as a reference model as it represents 70% of U.S. schools. Results have shown that there are similar optimal solutions in terms of each objective across closely located climate zones for the single-loaded corridor typology. The daylighting and energy performance of these classrooms is mainly influenced by the window orientation and window to wall ratio (WWR). The classroom design with the best overall performance in all objectives has a rectangular plan and a northeast-oriented window. All optimal solutions have 3-5% higher window-to-wall ratio (WWR), higher window head height, and 25-35% less energy use than the reference classroom. Finding the optimal design of classrooms connected to double-loaded corridors is more complex. The oppositely oriented classrooms have competing objectives to improve their daylighting performance. The results indicate that the 3:2 width-to-depth plan shape in most optimal solutions performs better than the 5:4 width-to-depth plan of the reference model. Accordingly, wider windows and higher head height in the optimal design were able to allow more daylighting to the depth of the oppositely oriented classrooms while reducing the energy use. The results show that optimal classrooms' design connected to double-loaded corridors, including window dimensions, orientation, and WWR vary by the climate zone. Although WWR is the most important design parameter on horizontal desk-plane and vertical eye-level for most cases, other parameters can be at least equally important especially for the vertical eye-level daylighting across different climate zones. The results of this dissertation can give guidance to architects, designers, and decision makers on classrooms design across studied climate zones.
This introduction to light for students and visual artists explores the way light can be used to create realistic and fantastical effects in a wide range of media. Divided into three parts, the clearly written text explains: the fundamental properties of natural and artificial light; how to create realistic images by observing people and the environment; the creative use of light in composition and design. Updated with revised photos and artwork, as well as 15 practical exercises and new online video material, this second edition is an indispensable resource for animators, digital illustrators, painters, photographers and artists working in any medium.
Evidence has accumulated that shows that the quality of indoor environments can affect the health and productivity of adults and children. One consequence is that a movement has emerged to promote the design of schools that have fewer adverse environmental effects. To examine the potential of such design for improving education, several private organizations asked the NRC to review and assess the health and productivity benefits of green schools. This report provides an analysis of the complexity of making such a determination; and an assessment of the potential human health and performance benefits of improvements in the building envelope, indoor air quality, lighting, and acoustical quality. The report also presents an assessment of the overall building condition and student achievement, and offers an analysis of and recommendations for planning and maintaining green schools including research considerations.