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The controversies and ambiguities characterising the EU neighbourhood strategy are ultimately due to the fact that the wider Europe concerns the conceptual, strategic and spatial limits of Europe. It is in this wider Europe that the EU as process meets the EU as actor. It is here that its 'gravitational power' meets its 'normative power'. It is here that the sui-generis EU governance system meets its foreign policy capabilities. By exploring the meanings and possible usages of the term 'variable geometry', this study sets out to interpret how the deepening of relations between the European Union and its neighbours in the East, South-East and South shapes the conceptual political and strategic map of the wider European space. Three dimensions of variable geometries are distinguished. The first dimension relates to ideas and focuses on the way in which the EU as a polity affects, and is affected by, deeper relations with its neighbours. Second, the focus is on institutions and illustrates the rationale behind and options for deeper institutional integration of neighbours into the EU. Lastly, the study ventures into an analysis of the wider Europe as a power constellation and thus explains what variable geometry means in relation to security and stability in the European neighbourhood. This basic tri-partition is then applied to two topical cases: Turkey and Ukraine.
Presents the latest groundbreaking theoretical foundation to shape optimization in a form accessible to mathematicians, scientists and engineers.
The tools to use for problems where the modeling, optimization, or control variable is the structure of a geometric object.
This text presents an integrated development of core material from several complex variables and complex algebraic geometry, leading to proofs of Serre's celebrated GAGA theorems relating the two subjects, and including applications to the representation theory of complex semisimple Lie groups. It includes a thorough treatment of the local theory using the tools of commutative algebra, an extensive development of sheaf theory and the theory of coherent analytic and algebraicsheaves, proofs of the main vanishing theorems for these categories of sheaves, and a complete proof of the finite dimensionality of the cohomology of coherent sheaves on compact varieties. The vanishing theorems have a wide variety of applications and these are covered in detail. Of particular interest arethe last three chapters, which are devoted to applications of the preceding material to the study of the structure theory and representation theory of complex semisimple Lie groups. Included are introductions to harmonic analysis, the Peter-Weyl theorem, Lie theory and the structure of Lie algebras, semisimple Lie algebras and their representations, algebraic groups and the structure of complex semisimple Lie groups. All of this culminates in Milicic's proof of the Borel-Weil-Bott theorem,which makes extensive use of the material developed earlier in the text. There are numerous examples and exercises in each chapter. This modern treatment of a classic point of view would be an excellent text for a graduate course on several complex variables, as well as a useful reference for theexpert.
This book starts from the design requirements of variable geometry turbines for marine gas turbines. It systematically and comprehensively introduces the flow mechanism and characteristics of variable geometry turbines, aerodynamic design methods, variable vane turning design methods, structural design technology of the variable vane system, aerodynamic characteristics and reliability test technology for variable geometry turbines, and so on.
The market for aerospace composites is projected to reach $42.97 billion by 2022, up from $26.87 billion in 2017, at a CAGR of 9.85% from 2017 to 2022. Clearly, the use of aerospace composites in commercial aircraft has gained momentum during the past few decades, but there is still much room for growth and much more to learn. Lightweighting is generally considered to be the main driver for the increased and pervasive use of composites. However, beyond the contribution toward fuel efficiencies, composites also offer increased resistance against corrosion and part count reduction. Those corrosion characteristics, as well as fatigue properties, lead to lower maintenance costs over aircraft and components manufactured using traditional materials. Commercial aircraft are complex, sophisticated engineering marvels. And while introducing composites into new programs has added many benefits, it has also added complexity. This book aims to help manage and mitigate that complexity. To reduce the learning curve, the book opens with a refresher of key criteria involved with the forming of aerospace components, and then moves on to take a provocative look at the real-world practicality of manufacturing composite parts to rigid, at times untestable, specifications. The book then segues into suggesting a few “rules of design” for manufacturing CFRP components to minimize or avoid common production problems, and then into more specific manufacturing tools and processes that could enable larger and more complex component geometries, while retaining specific material properties and maintaining part functionality. Ultimately, readers will be enlightened to the potentials of aerospace composites, and empowered to include them at the beginning of any aerospace development program, from the smallest component to entire airframes.
This edited volume explores European cultural diplomacy, a topic of growing interest across the scholarly and applied public policy communities in recent years. The contributions focus on Europe, culture and diplomacy and the way they are interlinked in the contemporary international context. The European Union increasingly resorts to cultural assets and activity for both internal and external purposes, to foster European cohesion and advancing integration, and to mitigate the demise of other foreign policy components, respectively. This calls for an analysis of the strategic role of culture, especially as it relates to the realm of EU external action. The chapters provide a conceptual discussion of culture in international relations and examine how this concept relates to cultural diplomacy and cultural strategy. The authors discuss roles and relationships with the EU’s 2016 Global Strategy and current EU attempts to foster the EU’s political and societal resilience.
A great deal of progress has been made recently in the field of asymptotic formulas that arise in the theory of Dirac and Laplace type operators. Asymptotic Formulae in Spectral Geometry collects these results and computations into one book. Written by a leading pioneer in the field, it focuses on the functorial and special cases methods of computing asymptotic heat trace and heat content coefficients in the heat equation. It incorporates the work of many authors into the presentation, and includes a complete bibliography that serves as a roadmap to the literature on the subject. Geometers, mathematical physicists, and analysts alike will undoubtedly find this book to be the definitive book on the subject
The field of coordination polymer research is now vast, & one of the fastest growing areas of chemistry in recent times, with important work being done on a variety of different aspects. This book provides a broad overview of all the major facets of modern coordination polymer science in the one place.