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This volume presents the latest research worldwide on communications protocols, emphasizing specification and compliance testing. It presents the complete proceedings of the fifteenth meeting on `Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification' arranged by the International Federation for Information Processing.
Communication protocols are rules whereby meaningful communication can be exchanged between different communicating entities. In general, they are complex and difficult to design and implement. Specifications of communication protocols written in a natural language (e.g. English) can be unclear or ambiguous, and may be subject to different interpretations. As a result, independent implementations of the same protocol may be incompatible. In addition, the complexity of protocols make them very hard to analyze in an informal way. There is, therefore, a need for precise and unambiguous specification using some formal languages. Many protocol implementations used in the field have almost suffered from failures, such as deadlocks. When the conditions in which the protocols work correctly have been changed, there has been no general method available for determining how they will work under the new conditions. It is necessary for protocol designers to have techniques and tools to detect errors in the early phase of design, because the later in the process that a fault is discovered, the greater the cost of rectifying it. Protocol verification is a process of checking whether the interactions of protocol entities, according to the protocol specification, do indeed satisfy certain properties or conditions which may be either general (e.g., absence of deadlock) or specific to the particular protocol system directly derived from the specification. In the 80s, an ISO (International Organization for Standardization) working group began a programme of work to develop formal languages which were suitable for Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). This group called such languages Formal Description Techniques (FDTs). Some of the objectives of ISO in developing FDTs were: enabling unambiguous, clear and precise descriptions of OSI protocol standards to be written, and allowing such specifications to be verified for correctness. There are two FDTs standardized by ISO: LOTOS and Estelle. Communication Protocol Specification and Verification is written to address the two issues discussed above: the needs to specify a protocol using an FDT and to verify its correctness in order to uncover specification errors in the early stage of a protocol development process. The readership primarily consists of advanced undergraduate students, postgraduate students, communication software developers, telecommunication engineers, EDP managers, researchers and software engineers. It is intended as an advanced undergraduate or postgraduate textbook, and a reference for communication protocol professionals.
Considered a standard industry resource, the Embedded Systems Handbook provided researchers and technicians with the authoritative information needed to launch a wealth of diverse applications, including those in automotive electronics, industrial automated systems, and building automation and control. Now a new resource is required to report on current developments and provide a technical reference for those looking to move the field forward yet again. Divided into two volumes to accommodate this growth, the Embedded Systems Handbook, Second Edition presents a comprehensive view on this area of computer engineering with a currently appropriate emphasis on developments in networking and applications. Those experts directly involved in the creation and evolution of the ideas and technologies presented offer tutorials, research surveys, and technology overviews that explore cutting-edge developments and deployments and identify potential trends. This first self-contained volume of the handbook, Embedded Systems Design and Verification, is divided into three sections. It begins with a brief introduction to embedded systems design and verification. It then provides a comprehensive overview of embedded processors and various aspects of system-on-chip and FPGA, as well as solutions to design challenges. The final section explores power-aware embedded computing, design issues specific to secure embedded systems, and web services for embedded devices. Those interested in taking their work with embedded systems to the network level should complete their study with the second volume: Network Embedded Systems.
As information systems become ever more pervasive in an increasing number of fields and professions, workers in healthcare and medicine must take into consideration new advances in technologies and infrastructure that will better enable them to treat their patients and serve their communities. Healthcare Administration: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications brings together recent research and case studies in the medical field to explore topics such as hospital management, delivery of patient care, and telemedicine, among others. With a focus on some of the most groundbreaking new developments as well as future trends and critical concerns, this three-volume reference source will be a significant tool for medical practitioners, hospital managers, IT administrators, and others actively engaged in the healthcare field.
The primary aim of this monograph is to present the current research efforts that have gone into/or going on in the systematic design of real-time programs. Such an effort would help researchers and users in the area to get a clear picture of the issues of specification, verification and design of real-time reactive programs. It will clearly enable us to identify languages that can be used for different kinds of applications. Obviously, in an upcoming area like this, this presentation is far from complete.The quintessence of the monograph can be captured by the following question:How can we design and develop Robust Reactive (real-time) Programs?We address this question in this monograph through the various underlying issues listed, such as characteristics of real-time/reactive programs, reactive programming languages, verification and refinements.
Co-Design is the set of emerging techniques which allows for the simultaneous design of Hardware and Software. In many cases where the application is very demanding in terms of various performances (time, surface, power consumption), trade-offs between dedicated hardware and dedicated software are becoming increasingly difficult to decide upon in the early stages of a design. Verification techniques - such as simulation or proof techniques - that have proven necessary in the hardware design must be dramatically adapted to the simultaneous verification of Software and Hardware. Describing the latest tools available for both Co-Design and Co-Verification of systems, Hardware/Software Co-Design and Co-Verification offers a complete look at this evolving set of procedures for CAD environments. The book considers all trade-offs that have to be made when co-designing a system. Several models are presented for determining the optimum solution to any co-design problem, including partitioning, architecture synthesis and code generation. When deciding on trade-offs, one of the main factors to be considered is the flow of communication, especially to and from the outside world. This involves the modeling of communication protocols. An approach to the synthesis of interface circuits in the context of co-design is presented. Other chapters present a co-design oriented flexible component data-base and retrieval methods; a case study of an ethernet bridge, designed using LOTOS and co-design methodologies and finally a programmable user interface based on monitors. Hardware/Software Co-Design and Co-Verification will help designers and researchers to understand these latest techniques in system design and as such will be of interest to all involved in embedded system design.
This proceedings book showcases the latest research work presented at the Second Edition of the Mediterranean Symposium on Smart City Application (SCAMS 2017), which was held in Tangier, Morocco on October 15–27, 2017. It presents original research results, new ideas and practical development experiences that concentrate on both theory and practice. It includes papers from all areas of Smart City Applications, e.g. Smart Mobility, Big Data, Smart Grids, Smart Homes and Buildings, clouds, crowds, mashups, social networks, and security issues. The conference stimulated cutting-edge research discussions among pioneering researchers, scientists, industrial engineers, and students from all around the world. The topics covered in this book also focus on innovative issues at the international level by bringing together experts from different countries. The scope of SCAMS 2017 included methods and practices that combine various emerging internetworking and data technologies to capture, integrate, analyze, mine, annotate, and visualize data in a meaningful and collaborative manner. A series of international workshops were organized as invited sessions during the SCAMS 2017:The 2nd International Workshop on Smart Learning & Innovative EducationsThe 1st International Workshop on Smart HealthcareThe 1st International Workshop on Mathematics for Smart CityThe 1st International Workshop Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing
Communication protocols form the operational basis of computer networks and telecommunication systems. They are behavior conventions that describe how communication systems interact with each other, defining the temporal order of the interactions and the formats of the data units exchanged – essentially they determine the efficiency and reliability of computer networks. Protocol Engineering is an important discipline covering the design, validation, and implementation of communication protocols. Part I of this book is devoted to the fundamentals of communication protocols, describing their working principles and implicitly also those of computer networks. The author introduces the concepts of service, protocol, layer, and layered architecture, and introduces the main elements required in the description of protocols using a model language. He then presents the most important protocol functions. Part II deals with the description of communication protocols, offering an overview of the various formal methods, the essence of Protocol Engineering. The author introduces the fundamental description methods, such as finite state machines, Petri nets, process calculi, and temporal logics, that are in part used as semantic models for formal description techniques. He then introduces one representative technique for each of the main description approaches, among others SDL and LOTOS, and surveys the use of UML for describing protocols. Part III covers the protocol life cycle and the most important development stages, presenting the reader with approaches for systematic protocol design, with various verification methods, with the main implementation techniques, and with strategies for their testing, in particular with conformance and interoperability tests, and the test description language TTCN. The author uses the simple data transfer example protocol XDT (eXample Data Transfer) throughout the book as a reference protocol to exemplify the various description techniques and to demonstrate important validation and implementation approaches. The book is an introduction to communication protocols and their development for undergraduate and graduate students of computer science and communication technology, and it is also a suitable reference for engineers and programmers. Most chapters contain exercises, and the author's accompanying website provides further online material including a complete formal description of the XDT protocol and an animated simulation visualizing its behavior.
This book is intended for anyone who plans, designs and implements software systems, for anyone who is involved with quality assurance, and hence for anyone who is interested in the practicability of modern concepts, methods and tools in the software development process. The book aims at software engineers and at students with specialized interests in the area of software engineering. The reader is expected to be familiar with the fundamental concepts of software engineering. In writing the book, the authors tap years of experience in industrial projects and research work in the development of methods and tools that support the software development process. Perhaps now more than ever, the buzzword "software crisis" serves to alert us that software systems are often error-prone, that significant diffi culties arise in mastering complexity in the production of software systems, and that the acceptance and adequacy of software products is significantly lower than is the case with other technical products. The following goals have been suggested for the improvement of the software development process: • exact fulfillment of user requirements • increased reliability and robustness • greater modularity of both the development process and the product • simple and adequate operation, i. e. , better ergonomics • easy maintainability and extensibility • cost-effective portability • increased reusability of software components • reduced costs for production, operation and maintenance VI Preface Research and development work in the area of software engineering has in creased dramatically in recent years.
This well accepted book, now in its second edition, is a time-honoured revision and extension of the previous edition. With improved organization and enriched contents, the book primarily focuses on the concepts of design development of communication protocols or communication software. Beginning with an overview of protocol engineering, the text analyzes important topics such as • TCP/IP suite protocol structure. • Protocol specification. • Protocol specification languages like SDL, SPIN, Estelle, E-LOTOS, CPN, UML, etc. • Protocol verification and validation techniques like semantic models and reachability analysis. • Generating conformance test suite and its application to a running protocol implementation. Audience Communication Protocol Engineering is purely a text dedicated to the undergraduate students of electronics and communication engineering and computer engineering. The text is also of immense use to the postgraduate students of communication systems. Highlights of Second Edition • Incorporates latest and up-to-date information on the topics covered. • Includes a large number of figures and examples for easy understanding of concepts. • Presents some new sections like wireless protocol challenges, TCP protocol, verification of TCP, test execution, test case derivation, etc. • Involves extension of protocol specification languages like SPIN, Estelle, Uppaal etc.