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"The most comprehensive and complete account yet of those ancient seafarers who developed the world's first ocean-going vessels - and the advanced navigational systems to guide them - and discovered the last habitable lands on earth, the islands of the mighty Pacific Ocean."--P. [4] of cover.
ening at Auckland Museum on 6 December.
Throughout the South Pacific, notions of ‘culture’ and ‘development’ are very much alive—in political debate, the media, sermons, and endless discussions amongst villagers and the urban élites, even in policy reports. Often the terms are counterposed, and development along with ‘economic rationality’, ‘good governance’ and ‘progress’ is set against culture or ‘custom’, ‘tradition’ and ‘identity’. The decay of custom and impoverishment of culture are often seen as wrought by development, while failures of development are haunted by the notion that they are due, somehow, to the darker, irrational influences of culture. The problem is to resolve the contradictions between them so as to achieve the greater good—access to material goods, welfare and amenities, ‘modern life’—without the sacrifice of the ‘traditional’ values and institutions that provide material security and sustain diverse social identities. Resolution is sought in this book by a number of leading writers from the South Pacific including Langi Kavaliku, Epeli Hau’ofa, Marshall Sahlins, Malama Meleisea, Joeli Veitayaki, and Tarcisius Tara Kabutaulaka. The volume is brought together for UNESCO by Antony Hooper, Professor Emeritus at the University of Auckland. UNESCO experts include Richard Engelhardt, Langi Kavaliku, Russell Marshall, Malama Meleisea, Edna Tait and Mali Voi.
Examining a variety of intriguing issues, this sociological study analyzes the impact global culture has had on the flora and fauna, people, economies, languages, and cultures of the Pacific for many centuries. The survey draws on findings from a 40-year research partnership, illustrating the effects of globalization from the perspective of a typical Samoan village and documenting the country's shift from baskets to buckets, from religious authority to a questioning democracy, and from in-kind work to a cash economy. Delving into questions such as When do Pacific emigrants stop sending money to their home village? Do villagers stop giving away fish when they get a refrigerator? and How do cell phones change villages? this argument contends that contemporary changes are presenting a more profound challenge to Samoan social institutions and society than at any other time in the past. Comprehensive and accessible, this guide is essential for those interested in the way global forces are shaping change in small Pacific nations.
In recent decades, New Zealand Maori have made huge efforts to reinvigorate their language (te reo) and the life of tribal meeting places (marae) as the twin cornerstones of Maori identity. Maori television and radio stations have been set up, a Maori Language Commission established and language emersion early childcare centres (kohanga reo), schools (kura kaupapa) and universities (wananga) have emerged. Old marae gained new coats of paint and new marae were established. But despite these efforts, te reo and tribal marae today seem to be in crisis. The number of children in kohanga reo is down 34 per cent from its peak. Only 15 per cent of Maori children are attending Maori-medium schooling. And fewer and fewer people are participating in marae activities. Without a living language spoken regularly on the marae or in everyday lives, what does the future hold for Maori and for the nation of Aotearoa New Zealand? Focusing on the northern tribal district Tai Tokerau as a case study but with conclusions applicable across the country, the leading Maori scholars and elders in Maranga Mai! ask these key questions and pose potential solutions. The chapters provide personal accounts and stories, statistics, demography and policy questions – and present important challenges for current and new generations of leaders to resolve.
Strategic management relies on an array of complex methods drawn from various allied disciplines to examine how managers attempt to lead their firms toward success. This book intends to provide a forum for critique, commentary and discussion about key methodology issues in the strategic management field.
This book addresses the complex socio-political context of natural resource management in coastal and marine environments throughout the contemporary Pacific Islands and provides lessons that can be applied around the globe. The author spotlights one particular case in which Native Hawaiians worked successfully to develop a formal policy mechanism through which to advise government agencies in the State of Hawaii on matters regarding traditional and customary use and management of the island’s natural resources. Glazier describes historic-traditional aspects of natural resource use and management in the Hawaiian Islands and the challenging process that was employed to enhance the capacity of modern Hawaiians to influence the course of their future. This process successfully broached and addressed truly difficult challenges, including but not limited to: the convening of representatives of a complex society of indigenous persons in order to elicit traditional place-based knowledge and varying perspectives on the appropriate use and management of natural resources; the incorporation of such knowledge and perspectives into the modern natural resource management and policy context; and the need to balance the interests of indigenous persons and those of more recently-arriving persons around the island chain. The lessons learned were many and varied and are particularly germane for resource managers, scientists, policymakers, and indigenous persons seeking to undertake balanced natural resource policy decisions in island, coastal, and indigenous settings around the Pacific and beyond.
We know the tales of Columbus and Captain Cook, yet much earlier mariners made equally bold and world-changing voyages. In Beyond the Blue Horizon, archaeologist and historian Brian Fagan tackles his richest topic yet: the enduring quest to master the oceans, the planet's most mysterious terrain. From the moment when ancient Polynesians first dared to sail beyond the horizon, Fagan vividly explains how our mastery of the oceans changed the course of human history. What drove humans to risk their lives on open water? How did early sailors unlock the secrets of winds, tides, and the stars they steered by? What were the earliest ocean crossings like? With compelling detail, Fagan reveals how seafaring evolved so that the forbidding realms of the sea gods were transformed from barriers into a nexus of commerce and cultural exchange. From bamboo rafts in the Java Sea to triremes in the Aegean, from Norse longboats in the North Atlantic to sealskin kayaks in Alaska, Fagan crafts a captivating narrative of humanity's urge to challenge the unknown and seek out distant shores.
One of the key principles for effective aid programmes is that recipient agencies exert high degrees of ownership over the agendas, resources, systems and outcomes of aid activities. Sovereign recipient states should lead the process of development. Yet despite this well-recognised principle, the realities of aid delivery mean that ownership is often compromised in practice. Aid, Ownership and Development examines this ‘inverse sovereignty’ hypothesis with regard to the states and territories of the Pacific Island region. It provides an initial overview of different aid ‘regimes’ over time, maps aid flows in the region, and analyses the concept of sovereignty. Drawing on a rich range of primary research by the authors and contributors, it focuses on the agencies and individuals within the Pacific Islands who administer and apply aid projects and programmes. There is indeed evidence for the inverse sovereignty effect; particularly when island states and their small and stretched bureaucracies have to deal with complex and burdensome donor reporting requirements, management systems, consultative meetings and differing strategic priorities. This book outlines important ways in which Pacific agencies have proved adept not only at meeting these requirements, but also asserting their own priorities and ways of operating. It concludes that global agreements, such as the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness in 2005 and the recently launched Sustainable Development Goals, can be effective means for Pacific agencies to both hold donors to account and also to recognise and exercise their own sovereignty.
Extending the horizon of regional sport scholarship beyond the Global North, this volume offers an exciting opportunity for sociology of sport scholars to widen the scope of their research in search of fuller understandings of the forms, meanings, dynamics and impacts of sport for Pacific peoples.