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The Handbook of Normative Multiagent Systems presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art and trends in the research field of normative multiagent systems (NorMAS). The handbook provides a solid introduction to the essentials of the field for newcomers and a selection of advanced issues as a base for future research directions. Norms are widely used to represent ethical, legal, and interactive aspects of social systems. Normative multiagent systems provide a promising model for human and artificial agent coordination since they integrate norms and individual intelligence. Thus, in the NorMAS community we build upon computer science but also logic, legal theory, sociology, psychology, and cognitive science. The handbook is organised in four parts. The introduction part describes the foundations and the history of the field and adds a particular focus on the social sciences' view on norms. The second part describes the major achievements the NorMAS research fi eld attained in the modelling of normative multiagent systems and the main challenges still open. Examples of these challenges include how to specify norms, verify systems of norms, model norm emergence and norm change, detect and subsequently manage norm violations, model organisations and institutions, and the use of agent-based simulation models to study these norm-related processes. Part C is concerned with the engineering of normative multiagent systems, more in particular interaction protocols to convey normative meaning and how to computationally organise normative multiagent systems. The final part is concerned with logically analyzing normative multiagent systems. Given the profound importance of norms in multiagent systems, it is fundamental to understand, e.g., which norms are valid in certain environments, how to interpret them, and to determine the deontic conclusions of such norms.
The book focusses on questions of individual and collective action, the emergence and dynamics of social norms and the feedback between individual behaviour and social phenomena. It discusses traditional modelling approaches to social norms and shows the usefulness of agent-based modelling for the study of these micro-macro interactions. Existing agent-based models of social norms are discussed and it is shown that so far too much priority has been given to parsimonious models and questions of the emergence of norms, with many aspects of social norms, such as norm-change, not being modelled. Juvenile delinquency, group radicalisation and moral decision making are used as case studies for agent-based models of collective action extending existing models by providing an embedding into social networks, social influence via argumentation and a causal action theory of moral decision making. The major contribution of the book is to highlight the multifaceted nature of the dynamics of social norms, consisting not only of emergence, and the importance of embedding of agent-based models into existing theory.
This book constitutes revised selected papers from the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the International Workshop on Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, Norms, and Ethics for Governance of Multi-Agent Systems XIV, COINE 2021, held in London, UK, May 3, 2021. The 9 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 12 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Invited talk; conceptual frameworks architectures for collaboration and coordination; and modelling and understanding social behaviour using COINE technologies.
This compendium covers several important topics related to multiagent systems, from learning and game theoretic analysis, to automated negotiation and human-agent interaction. Each chapter is written by experienced researchers working on a specific topic in mutliagent system interactions, and covers the state-of-the-art research results related to that topic.The book will be a good reference material for researchers and graduate students working in the area of artificial intelligence/machine learning, and an inspirational read for those in social science, behavioural economics and psychology.
Addressing the open problem of engineering normative open systems using the multi-agent paradigm, normative open systems are explained as systems in which heterogeneous and autonomous entities and institutions coexist in a complex social and legal framework that can evolve to address the different and often conflicting objectives of the many stakeholders involved. Presenting a software engineering approach which covers both the analysis and design of these kinds of systems, and which deals with the open issues in the area, ROMAS (Regulated Open Multi-Agent Systems) defines a specific multi-agent architecture, meta-model, methodology and CASE tool. This CASE tool is based on Model-Driven technology and integrates the graphical design with the formal verification of some properties of these systems by means of model checking techniques. Utilizing tables to enhance reader insights into the most important requirements for designing normative open multi-agent systems, the book also provides a detailed and easy to understand description of the ROMAS approach and the advantages of using ROMAS. This method is illustrated with case studies, in which the reader may develop a comprehensive understanding of applying ROMAS to a given problem. The case studies are presented with illustrations of the developments. Reading this book will help readers to understand the increasing demand for normative open systems and their development requirements; understand how multi-agent systems approaches can be used to deal with the development of systems of this kind; to learn an easy to use and complete engineering method for large-scale and complex normative systems and to recognize how Model-Driven technology can be used to integrate the analysis, design, verification and implementation of multi-agent systems.
This book constitutes the thoroughly reviewed joint post-conference proceedings of two international workshops on Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Agent Systems, COIN@AAMAS 2011, held in Taipei, Taiwan in May 2011 and COIN@WI-IAT 2011, held in Lyon, France in August 2011. The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully selected for presentations. The papers are organized in topical sections on agent coordination, norm-aware agent reasoning, as well as norm creation and enforcement.
This book explores the view that normative behaviour is part of a complex of social mechanisms, processes and narratives that are constantly shifting. From this perspective, norms are not a kind of self-contained social object or fact, but rather an interplay of many things that we label as norms when we ‘take a snapshot’ of them at a particular instant. Further, this book pursues the hypothesis that considering the dynamic aspects of these phenomena sheds new light on them. The sort of issues that this perspective opens to exploration include: Of what is this complex we call a "social norm" composed of? How do new social norms emerge and what kind of circumstances might facilitate such an appearance? How context-specific are the norms and patterns of normative behaviour that arise? How do the cognitive and the social aspects of norms interact over time? How do expectations, beliefs and individual rationality interact with social norm complexes to effect behaviour? How does our social embeddedness relate to social constraint upon behaviour? How might the socio-cognitive complexes that we call norms be usefully researched?
In these notes on 'Projective Modules and Complete Intersections' an account on the recent developments in research on this subject is presented. The author's preference for the technique of Patching isotopic isomorphisms due to Quillen, formalized by Plumsted, over the techniques of elementary matrices is evident here. The treatment of Basic Element theory here incorporates Plumstead's idea of the 'generalized dimension functions'. These notes are highly selfcontained and should be accessible to any graduate student in commutative algebra or algebraic geometry. They include fully self-contained presentations of the theorems of Ferrand-Szpiro, Cowsik-Nori and the techniques of Lindel.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th Pacific Rim Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2016, held in Phuket, Thailand, in August 2016. The 53 regular papers and 15 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. Pricai covers a wide range of topics such as AI foundations; applications of AI; semantic web; information retrieval; constraint satisfaction; multimodal interaction; knowledge representation; social networks; ad-hoc networks; algorithms; software architecture; machine learning; and smart modeling and simulation.