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This Instruction reissues reference (a) to update policy and procedures governing the investigation of American National Red Cross (hereafter "Red Cross") employees and United Service Organizations, Inc. (USO), staff for the purpose of determining the security acceptability of such personnel for assignment to duty with the Military Services.
Six welfare agencies (Young Men's Christian Association, National Catholic Community Service, Salvation Army, Young Women's Christian Association, Jewish Welfare Board and National Travelers Aid Association) established a single coordinating body -- United Service Organization for National Defense, Inc. (USO) -- at the Defense Morale Conference held April 17, 1941 in Washington, D.C.
The United Service Organizations (USO) strengthens America's military service members by keeping them connected to family, home, and country, throughout their service to the nation. Therefore, this book is dedicated to the countless volunteers, of many nations around the world, who give so freely of their time, to support our American soldiers. It is dedicated to private and corporate sponsorships that make the USO possible. But most of all, this book is dedicated to all the service volunteers that lost their lives, while serving American soldiers.
AR 930-1 07/16/2004 ARMY USE OF UNITED SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS, INC., SERVICES , Survival Ebooks
Throughout World War II, when Saturday nights came around, servicemen and hostesses happily forgot the war for a little while as they danced together in USO clubs, which served as havens of stability in a time of social, moral, and geographic upheaval. Meghan Winchell demonstrates that in addition to boosting soldier morale, the USO acted as an architect of the gender roles and sexual codes that shaped the "greatest generation." Combining archival research with extensive firsthand accounts from among the hundreds of thousands of female USO volunteers, Winchell shows how the organization both reflected and shaped 1940s American society at large. The USO had hoped that respectable feminine companionship would limit venereal disease rates in the military. To that end, Winchell explains, USO recruitment practices characterized white middle-class women as sexually respectable, thus implying that the sexual behavior of working-class women and women of color was suspicious. In response, women of color sought to redefine the USO's definition of beauty and respectability, challenging the USO's vision of a home front that was free of racial, gender, and sexual conflict. Despite clashes over class and racial ideologies of sex and respectability, Winchell finds that most hostesses benefited from the USO's chaste image. In exploring the USO's treatment of female volunteers, Winchell not only brings the hostesses' stories to light but also supplies a crucial missing piece for understanding the complex ways in which the war both destabilized and restored certain versions of social order.