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The UN was designed to ensure international peace and security and its founders realized that these could not be achieved without attention to issues of rights: political, legal, economic, social, environmental, and individual. Its structure reflects the power relationships of the post-1945 world, despite the fact that the world has changed dramatically with respect to the post-Cold War relationship and the dramatic increase in the number of independent states. The UN is a reflection of the realities of international politics. Its economic divisions are revealed in the voting arrangements of the Security Council, the General Assembly and the viewpoints within the Secretariat. The norm of national sovereignty runs into persistent conflict with the constant demand by many in the international community; that the UN take a more active role in combating aggression and alleviating international problems. Thus, it is likely that the UN will continue to be seen by its critics as either too timid or too omnipotent.
The United Nations in the 21st Century provides a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to the United Nations, exploring the historical, institutional, and theoretical foundations of the UN. This popular text for courses on international organizations and international relations also discusses the political complexities facing the organization today. Thoroughly revised throughout, the fifth edition focuses on major trends since 2012, including changing power dynamics, increasing threats to peace and security, and the growing challenges of climate change and sustainability. It examines the proliferating public-private partnerships involving the UN and the debates over reforming the Security Council and the Secretary-General selection process. This edition also includes new case studies on peacekeeping and the use of force in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Mali, transnational terrorism and the emergence of ISIS, the Security Council's failure to act in Syria, the Syrian and global refugee/migrant crisis, and the conclusion of the Millennium Development Goals and framing of the Sustainable Development Goals.
The Committee for Development Policy is a subsidiary body of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It provides inputs and independent advice to the Council on emerging cross-sectoral development issues and on international cooperation for development, focusing on medium- and long-term aspects. The Committee is also responsible for reviewing the status of least developed countries (tLDCs) and for monitoring their progress after graduation from the category.
This title is an examination of the role and relevance of international bureaucracies in global environmental governance. After a discussion of theoretical context, reaserch design, and empiral methodology, the book presents nine in-depth case studies of bureaucracies.
"Everything you always wanted to know about the United Nations in one book! This primer to the United Nations is designed for all global citizens. It covers the history of the UN, what it does and how it does it. As the world's only truly global organization, the United Nations is where countries meet to address universal issues that cannot be resolved by any one of them acting alone. From international peace and security to sustainable development, climate change, human rights, and humanitarian action, the United Nations acts on our behalf around the world." --
Religion is a crucial source of legitimacy and Political mobilisation in Cultures. Conflict between groups is often within one state, based upon different religion, race, language, culture, history and ethnicity. Chaos may be caused due to scarce resources or in forms of oppression and prejudice, racism, segregation, and discrimination; culminating in civil war. Language differences reinforced by religious beliefs have often been a focus of political tension. Ethnic conflict is widespread in former colonies, where borders were drawn with no regard for the cultural differences. Secularisation and decline of religious belief are regarded as hallmarks of modernisation.
Logic as a subject includes the study of correct reasoning, especially as it involves the drawing of inferences. This book is concerned with the basic elements and problems of contemporary logic and provides the history of Logic and an overview of its different fields. Theorists have applied the rational choice approach to politics. In these fields it competes especially with explanations in terms of cultural, socialization and adherence to social norms. The theory of Logic and its various references explores possible ways of escaping from such dilemmas.
Concepts and writings are not timeless and should instead be understood in terms of the historical context in which they developed. Ideology is a political belief-system which explains the world as it currently is and suggests how it should be changed. The term describes social classes, especially that of capitalism or bourgeoisie. Ideology is recognised as the means by which people perceive the social world and consciously subscribe to a political creed. Idealism is a set of views according to which the physical world is dependent upon the mind; we somehow create the world. Idealists are not saying that our experience of the world is other than what it is; simply a collection of 'ideas' that are coherent. Politics is the study and practice of how people are governed. Efforts are made to influence, gain, or wield power at various levels of government, internally and internationally, including dispute resolution, formal elections to the threat or use of outright coercion or force.
War, Conflict and Human Rights is an innovative new inter-disciplinary textbook, combining aspects of law, politics and conflict analysis to examine the relationship between human rights and armed conflict. Making use of both theoretical and practical approaches, this book: examines the tensions and complementarities between protection of human rights and resolution of conflict - the competing political demands and the challenges posed by internal armed conflict; explores the scope and effects of human rights violations in contemporary armed conflicts, such as in Sierra Leone, Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo and the former Yugoslavia, as well as the 'Global War on Terror'; assesses the legal and institutional accountability mechanisms developed in the wake of armed conflict to punish violations of human rights law and international humanitarian law such as the ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, and the International Criminal Court; discusses continuing and emergent global trends and challenges in the fields of human rights and conflict analysis. This book will be essential reading for students of war and conflict studies, human rights and international humanitarian law, and highly recommended for students of conflict resolution, peacebuilding, international security and international relations, generally. Chandra Sriram is Professor of International Law at the University of East London and Director of the Centre for Human Rights in Conflict. Olga Martin-Ortega is a Research Fellow at the Centre for Human Rights in Conflict at the University of East London. Johanna Herman is Research Fellow at the Centre on Human Rights in Conflict at the University of East London.