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Preventing Sudden Death in Sport and Physical Activity, Second Edition examines the etiology, prevention, recognition, treatment, and return-to-play protocol of the common causes of sudden death in sport. Chapters are written by content area experts, offering a blend of clinical, scientific, and research expertise regarding each medical condition that is discussed.
Sudden death is an uncommon condition. But when it occurs, especially in a young person, the acute loss can generate a substantial amount of grief with a great sense of disbelief. This mysterious and dreadful condition instils much fear and anxiety into the living, and more specifically for family members and friends. Understandably, the apprehension is brought about by the unexpectedness of the event and uncertainty of the consequences. The feeling of uneasiness is largely attributed to the lack of information regarding this condition. However in recent years, several causes of sudden death have been clarified. Treatment modalities have improved and reduced the occurrence of dying suddenly.This book is meant for anyone who wants to know more about sudden death. It aims to diminish its terror by explaining the various conditions that predispose individuals to sudden death and ways which may prevent it from occurring.
This book dedicates the first seven chapters to cardiac electrophysiological dysfunction that can lead to ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. The next six chapters expand the topics of sudden death to other causes. Brugada Syndrome is the top cause of non-traumatic sudden death in young males of Southeastern Asian and southern European origins. Chapters One and Two review extensively the history and current status, mechanisms of arrhythmias, and related gene mutations in Brugada Syndrome, and discuss gaps in the current knowledge. Chapter Three presents clinical studies on the A1180V and R1193Q mutations of the cardiac sodium channel gene, SCN5A. The authors identified R1193Q mutation in 12.8%-16% of a healthy Chinese population. This result prompted the question of whether SCN5A mutations are still the top genetic bases of Brugada and long QT syndromes. Chapters Four, Five and Seven discuss the pathophysiology causes, risk factors, predictors, prevention, and possible therapeutical strategies of sudden cardiac death. Chapter Six reviews the scope and causes of sudden cardiac death in athletics.Chapter Seven is dedicated to the roles of electrical cardiac systole in sudden death. Chapter Eight reviews sudden death related to cardiac and brain tumours, pulmonary tumour embolism, asphyxia, massive exsanguinations, and their pathophysiology. Chapter Nine summarises the pathophysiology of sudden death caused by myocardial tuberculosis. Chapter Ten introduces pathophysiology of sudden death during hot baths in deep bathtubs, which occurs frequently in elderly people in Japan. Chapter Eleven discusses air pollution as a trigger of sudden death. Chapter Twelve presents biochemical, cytological and histopathological examination of sudden unexpected death in infancy. The last chapter of the book, Chapter Thirteen, reviews post-mortem cardiac markers in different body fluids and their application in forensic pathology diagnosis of sudden cardiac death. In combination, these chapters cover a broad range of topics about sudden death.
This volume covers aspects of sudden infant and early childhood death, ranging from issues with parental grief, to the most recent theories of brainstem neurotransmitters. It also deals with the changes that have occurred over time with the definitions of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), SUDI (sudden unexpected death in infancy) and SUDIC (sudden unexpected death in childhood). The text will be indispensable for SIDS researchers, SIDS organisations, paediatric pathologists, forensic pathologists, paediatricians and families, in addition to residents in training programs that involve paediatrics. It will also be of use to other physicians, lawyers and law enforcement officials who deal with these cases, and should be a useful addition to all medical examiner/forensic, paediatric and pathology departments, hospital and university libraries on a global scale. Given the marked changes that have occurred in the epidemiology and understanding of SIDS and sudden death in the very young over the past decade, a text such as this is very timely and is also urgently needed.
Cardiac arrest can strike a seemingly healthy individual of any age, race, ethnicity, or gender at any time in any location, often without warning. Cardiac arrest is the third leading cause of death in the United States, following cancer and heart disease. Four out of five cardiac arrests occur in the home, and more than 90 percent of individuals with cardiac arrest die before reaching the hospital. First and foremost, cardiac arrest treatment is a community issue - local resources and personnel must provide appropriate, high-quality care to save the life of a community member. Time between onset of arrest and provision of care is fundamental, and shortening this time is one of the best ways to reduce the risk of death and disability from cardiac arrest. Specific actions can be implemented now to decrease this time, and recent advances in science could lead to new discoveries in the causes of, and treatments for, cardiac arrest. However, specific barriers must first be addressed. Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival examines the complete system of response to cardiac arrest in the United States and identifies opportunities within existing and new treatments, strategies, and research that promise to improve the survival and recovery of patients. The recommendations of Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival provide high-priority actions to advance the field as a whole. This report will help citizens, government agencies, and private industry to improve health outcomes from sudden cardiac arrest across the United States.
Sudden in-custody restraint deaths have emerged as a critical and imp- tant problem for police, correctional, and medical care workers. The scope and magnitude of the problem clearly reveals that the subject matter is worthy of further consideration. Although the frequency of these deaths is very low, the criticality of its occurrence requires attention to the subject matter. The purpose of Sudden Deaths in Custody is to provide current information that addresses the issue from a number of perspectives. It is our purpose to assemble, under one title, current research that addresses the varying facets that underscore the nature of sudden in-custody deaths. The intent is to provide information that can further educate and assist those officers, adm- istrators, investigators, trainers, and medical personnel who must interact, intervene, and make decisions about how to prevent sudden in-custody deaths. Sudden Deaths in Custody specifically addresses sudden in-custody deaths that occur after a violent confrontation. Such incidents may occur after police or correction officers’ intervention, but also include incidents that may occur in a mental health facility or emergency medical field setting. The deaths described in this volume all involve sudden death within minutes or hours of contact preceded by one or more of the following: violent confrontation with police or corrections personnel, forcible control measures, and behavior inf- enced by a chemical substance, or mental impairment. Incidents involving custodial suicides, homicides, accidents, fatal pursuits, or police shootings are excluded.
At one time, heart disease was a death sentence. In The Heart Healers, world renowned cardiac surgeon Dr. James Forrester tells the story of the mavericks and rebels who defied the accumulated medical wisdom of the day to begin conquering heart disease. By the middle of the 20th century, heart disease was killing millions and, as with the Black Death centuries before, physicians stood helpless. Visionaries, though, had begun to make strides earlier. On Sept. 7, 1895, Ludwig Rehn successfully sutured the heart of a living man with a knife wound to the chest for the first time. Once it was deemed possible to perform surgery on the heart, others followed. In 1929, Dr. Werner Forssman inserted a cardiac catheter in his own arm and forced the x-ray technician on duty to take a photo as he successfully threaded it down the vein into his own heart...and lived. On June 6, 1944 - D-Day - another momentous event occurred far from the Normandy beaches: Dr. Dwight Harken sutured the shrapnel-injured heart of a young soldier, saved his life and the term "cardiac surgeon" born. Dr. Forrester tells the story of these rebels and the risks they took with their own lives and the lives of others to heal the most elemental of human organs - the heart. The result is a compelling chronicle of a disease and its cure, a disease that is still with us, but one that is slowly being worn away by "The Heart Healers".
This publication reviews medicolegal investigation of sudden, unexpected pediatric deaths, focusing on systems and procedures in the United States and those deaths which remain incompletely understood or entirely unexplained. It discusses the evolution of our understanding and practice in the area of sudden, unexpected pediatric death investigation, covering the changing philosophies and medical theories as to causation and changing investigative and certification strategies. Procedural guidance for investigation, autopsy and ancillary testing, certification and reporting, and key considerations for prevention, research and working with family members and other professional team members are provided.The path to production of this publication began in 2016 when the National Association of Medical Examiners received a scientific grant from the SUDC Foundation called "Sudden Death in Pediatrics: Consensus for Investigation, Certification, Research Direction and Family Needs" to convene, in collaboration with the American Academy of Pediatrics, an expert panel to identify and discuss the diverse issues and limitations surrounding these deaths and build a foundation for national consensus. The combined effort of a panel of medical examiners, pediatricians, and federal agency representatives, representing the diverse interests of death investigation, autopsy performance, certification, clinical subspecialties (pediatrics, neurology, cardiology, child abuse, injury prevention, infectious diseases, genetics, and metabolic diseases), family needs, prevention, and epidemiology, culminated in this publication.
This book considers the practical management of sudden death and offers first-hand reflections of how emergency physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals cope. Sudden death is one of the most difficult aspects of emergency care, and the traumatic nature of some deaths can be devastating for the family and the emergency team. This book shows how practitioners confront the sudden death and the essential steps taken to manage the event that may have a critical impact on the grieving relative. The book explores the unique interactions between emergency and allied health practitioners and nurses, those who grieve and, the body itself. By understanding what is involved in sudden death work, and the practical, psychosocial and spiritual tensions that arise from managing the event and sequel, it may be possible to provide a more responsive service. The book addresses sudden death from the multi-professional emergency and allied services perspective to guide either the seasoned practitioners or the new and apprehensive recruit. National emergency response systems have been strengthened to cope with the increasing trauma and disease burden which, for many unfortunate individuals, results in an immediate or swift death trajectory. This multidisciplinary teaching text uses first-hand detailed stories of sudden death encounters. By reflecting on these ‘happenings’ and illuminating on how specific events were handled, it is possible to build a picture not only of what sudden death workers ‘do’ when sudden death occurs but also how they feel about what they ‘do’. At the end of each chapter a series of activities will be posed to encourage the reader to make sense of their own practices when handling the legal and practical aspects and when supporting families and colleagues.
This medical detective story traces the ongoing quest to reverse sudden death, looking at such breakthroughs in our understanding as respiration, circulation and defibrillation. It includes a guide to emergency CPR