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The development of atomic bombs under the auspices of the U.S. Army’s Manhattan Project during World War II is considered to be the outstanding news story of the twentieth century. In this book, a physicist and expert on the history of the Project presents a comprehensive overview of this momentous achievement. The first three chapters cover the history of nuclear physics from the discovery of radioactivity to the discovery of fission, and would be ideal for instructors of a sophomore-level “Modern Physics” course. Student-level exercises at the ends of the chapters are accompanied by answers. Chapter 7 covers the physics of first-generation fission weapons at a similar level, again accompanied by exercises and answers. For the interested layman and for non-science students and instructors, the book includes extensive qualitative material on the history, organization, implementation, and results of the Manhattan Project and the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombing missions. The reader also learns about the legacy of the Project as reflected in the current world stockpiles of nuclear weapons. This second edition contains important revisions and additions, including a new chapter on the German atomic bomb program and new sections on British and Canadian contributions to the Manhattan project and on feed materials. Several other sections have been expanded; reader feedback has been helpful in introducing minor corrections and improved explanations; and, last but not least, the second edition includes a detailed index.
Written by talented research anthropologist C. Mark Riden M.A. M.Ed., the Ghosts of War elevates the lives of diverse civilian heroes and military combatants who witnessed or had fought in America’s Wars that most historians overlook. Ghosts of War takes the reader on a journey into the past with a murder mystery in mind complete with a host of collaborators trying to answer the question: Who killed Captain Wesley Riden? After being arrested twice by the Missouri Provost Marshal’s Office for speaking out against the Union, he and his newborns were violently murdered by cannon in 1864.
**Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 in Toxicology** Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, Third Edition is a comprehensive and authoritative resource, providing the latest literature on this complex subject by focusing on three core components - parent, placenta and fetus - and the continuous changes that occur in each. Enriched with relevant references describing every aspect of reproductive toxicology, this revised and updated resource addresses the totality of the subject, discussing a broad range of topics including nanoparticles and radiation, gases and solvents, smoking, alcohol and drugs of abuse, and metals, among others. In addition, it is the only resource to include reproductive and developmental toxicity in domestic animals, fish and wildlife With a special focus on placental toxicity, this book is the only available reference to connect the three key risk stages. Completely revised and updated to include the most recent developments in the field, this book is an essential resource for advanced students and researchers in toxicology, as well as biologists, pharmacologists and teratologists from academia, industry and regulatory agencies. - Provides a complete, up-to-date, integrated source of information on the key risk stages during reproduction and development - Offers diverse and unique in vitro and in vivo toxicity models for reproductive and developmental toxicity testing in a user-friendly format that assists in comparative analysis - Includes new chapters on developments in systems toxicology and predictive modeling of male developmental toxicity, adverse outcome pathways in reproductive and developmental toxicology, ovarian and endometrial toxicity, developmental neurotoxicity of air pollution, and more
The history of the Manhattan project and its successful creation of the atomic bomb during World War II has been well documented. It is not well known, however, that a separate and crucial part of this project was carried out by the U.S. Navy at its Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC. This project, led by the young physicist, Philip Abelson devised a novel liquid thermal diffusion process for separating the fissionable 235U from 238U. Eventually this process was employed at Oak Ridge and significantly contributed to the construction of the uranium bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima. In "Uncle Phil and the Atomic Bomb", John Abelson chronicles the life of his Uncle, the son of Norwegian immigrants, as he grows up in Tacoma, Washington, studies chemistry and physics at Washington State University and joins Ernest Lawrence as a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley. The book then covers the war years and beyond as Philip Abelson and his Navy colleagues work on the bomb effort and then turn their attention to the design of the first atomic submarine. Most of the biography is from an unpublished autobiographical sketch written by Philip Abelson 20 years ago. Throughout the book, John Abelson stitches the story together with his own insights into his uncle's life, as well as providing the historical back-drop of what was happening at the time. This is a riveting, untold story of a determined, brilliant, and highly creative scientist working against the odds at a crucial time in American history.
"In my account of the 1965 election campaign of John Lindsay for Mayor of New York, I relate how Robert Sweet, later a judge but then a lawyer and Lindsay's campaign manager, sent me to the Lindsay headquarters at 125th Street in Harlem on the day of the election. When he finished briefing me, Bob pressed a thick wad of $20 bills into my hand, and told me it was 'election day money.' When I got back to headquarters at the end of the day, I dutifully returned the entire wad. Only later did I learn that I was supposed to have spent what needed to be spent and pocketed the rest. Hence my title, The Notebook of an Amateur Politician." Gilbert Hahn Jr. The Notebook of an Amateur Politician is the lively portrayal of a true Washingtonian, Gilbert Hahn Jr, and his life spent at the turbulent heart of Washington, D.C. politics. The chapters describe Hahn's battles as Chairman of the D.C. City Council to build the D.C. subway system and keep down D.C. real estate taxes, and his work to first resurrect the fortunes, and later to expose the financial scandal, of D.C. General Hospital. Humorous tales of working with former D.C. Mayor Walter Washington, run-ins with "Mayor-for-Life" Marion Barry, and campaigning--as a staunch Republican--for Democratic Mayor Anthony Williams are interwoven with rich, poignant snapshots of Jewish life in Washington, stories of military service in Patton's Third Army, and reminiscences about post-war life as an attorney and Maryland racehorse owner.
Michael Fried is as much a poet as he is a critic. His experiences among artworks and luminaries of the art world have resulted in a canonized body of criticism, but they have also provided the raw material for many of the poems in his newest collection, Promesse du Bonheur. Fried’s passion, lyricism, and humor, which have been lauded by Allen Grossman and J. M. Coetzee, are on display as he explores the people and the objects that have moved him—great minds and great works of art. Along the way, Fried begins to reveal himself to the reader: he is at once a student, unsure of himself; a young man, ambitious and in love; a committed champion of artists; a world-class intellectual among intellectual peers; and a poet, transmuting the world around him. Here we find the poet-critic at his most complete. Beyond presenting new works, Promesse du Bonheur breaks ground for Fried by combining the eighty poems—a mix of lyrical and prose poetry—with over thirty photographs, most of them made, all of them selected, by renowned American photographer James Welling. More often than not, the photographs stand in oblique relation to the poems, as complementary pieces of a mesmerizing whole. Written under the epigraph of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s urging in “Self-Reliance”—“Accept the place the divine providence has found for you, the society of your contemporaries, the connection of events”—the poems engage diverse subjects: from the high modernist art world of the 1960s to a major poet’s tragic loss of memory, from exemplary works such as Edgar Degas’s The Fallen Jockey, Heinrich von Kleist’s Prince of Homburg, and Adolf Menzel’s drawings, from the lives of figures such as Edouard Manet, Anna Akhmatova, Jacques Derrida, Stanley Cavell, Iris Murdoch, Ian Hamilton, and John Harbison, to erotic love, late fatherhood, the death of parents and friends, and the onset of age. Promesse du Bonheur is a uniquely vivid and compelling volume, at once a collection of wide-ranging yet intimately related poems and a brilliant photobook, that aims to hold the reader/viewer in its spell from first page to last.
Though thousands of articles and books have been published on various aspects of the Manhattan Project, this book is the first comprehensive single-volume history prepared by a specialist for curious readers without a scientific background. This project, the United States Army’s program to develop and deploy atomic weapons in World War II, was a pivotal event in human history. The author presents a wide-ranging survey that not only tells the story of how the project was organized and carried out, but also introduces the leading personalities involved and features simplified but accurate descriptions of the underlying science and the engineering challenges. The technical points are illustrated by reader-friendly graphics. .
Enrico Fermi is unquestionably among the greats of the world's physicists, the most famous Italian scientist since Galileo. Called the Pope by his peers, he was regarded as infallible in his instincts and research. His discoveries changed our world; they led to weapons of mass destruction and conversely to life-saving medical interventions. This unassuming man struggled with issues relevant today, such as the threat of nuclear annihilation and the relationship of science to politics. Fleeing Fascism and anti-Semitism, Fermi became a leading figure in America's most secret project: building the atomic bomb. The last physicist who mastered all branches of the discipline, Fermi was a rare mixture of theorist and experimentalist. His rich legacy encompasses key advances in fields as diverse as comic rays, nuclear technology, and early computers. In their revealing book, The Pope of Physics, Gino Segré and Bettina Hoerlin bring this scientific visionary to life. An examination of the human dramas that touched Fermi’s life as well as a thrilling history of scientific innovation in the twentieth century, this is the comprehensive biography that Fermi deserves.
How do we reclaim our innate enchantment with the world? And how can we turn our natural curiosity into a deep, abiding love for knowledge? Frank Oppenheimer, the younger brother of the physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer, was captivated by these questions, and used his own intellectual inquisitiveness to found the Exploratorium, a powerfully influential museum of human awareness in San Francisco, that encourages play, creativity, and discovery—all in the name of understanding. In this elegant biography, K. C. Cole investigates the man behind the museum with sharp insight and deep sympathy. The Oppenheimers were a family with great wealth and education, and Frank, like his older brother, pursued a career in physics. But while Robert was unceasingly ambitious, and eventually came to be known for his work on the atomic bomb, Frank’s path as a scientist was much less conventional. His brief fling with the Communist Party cost him his position at the University of Minnesota, and he subsequently spent a decade ranching in Colorado before returning to teaching. Once back in the lab, however, Frank found himself moved to create something to make the world meaningful after the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He was inspired by European science museums, and he developed a dream of teaching Americans about science through participatory museums. Thus was born the magical world of the Exploratorium, forever revolutionizing not only the way we experience museums, but also science education for years to come. Cole has brought this charismatic and dynamic figure to life with vibrant prose and rich insight into Oppenheimer as both a scientist and an individual.