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Material flow management offers enterprises a high potential for realizing new economic competitive advantages. The eco-efficient optimization of material flow cutS costs while simultaneously achieving long-term ecological sustainability. This book summarises the fundamental concepts and tools of material flow management, and presents contemporary methods and findings. Case studies illustrate the results from recent research projects conducted in cooperation with industrial companies.
This book comprises recent developments in life cycle assessment (LCA) both with regards to the methodology and its application in various research fields, including mobility, engineering and manufacturing. Containing numerous original research articles from leading German research institutes, the book provides an insightful resource for professionals working in the field of sustainability assessment, for researchers interested in the current state of LCA research as well as for advanced university students in different scientific and engineering fields.
The „EffizienzCluster LogistikRuhr“ was a winner in the Leading Edge Science Cluster competition run by the German federal Ministry of Education and Research. The mission and aim of the „EffizienzCluster LogistikRuhr“ is to facilitate tomorrow’s individuality – in the sense of individual goods supply, mobility, and production – using 75 percent of today’s resources. Efficiency – both in economical and ecological terms – is enabled by state-of-the-art and innovative logistical solutions including transportation, production and intralogistics. These proceedings “Efficiency and Logistics” give first answers from 27 research projects as an insight into the current state of research of Europe’s leading research and development cluster in logistics and as a contribution to the discussion on how logistics as a science can help to cope with foreseeable resource shortage and sustainability as global challenges.
Carbon Capture and Storage technologies (CCS) are moving from experiment toward commercial applications at a rapid pace, driven by urgent demand for carbon mitigation strategies. This book examines the potential role of CCS from four perspectives: technology development, economic competitiveness, environmental and safety impacts, and social acceptance. IEK-STE of Forschungszentrum Juelich presents this interdisciplinary study on CCS, based on methods of Integrated Technology Assessment. Following an introductory chapter by editor Wilhelm Kuckshinrichs, Part I of the book surveys the status of carbon capture technologies, and assesses the potential for research and development of applications that are useful at scales required for meaningful mitigation. Transportation, Utilization and Environmental Aspects of CO2 receive chapter-length treatments, and the section concludes with an examination of safe geological storage of CO2 based on the example of the Ketzin pilot site, not far from Berlin. Part II covers Economic and Societal Perspectives. The first chapter discusses the use of CCS in the energy sector, analyzing costs associated with electricity generation and CO2 mitigation on the basis of technology-specific cost and process parameters, along with a merit-order illustration of the possible implications of CCS facilities for energy costs. Later chapters outline the costs of CCS application in energy- and CO2-intensive industries; analyze system characteristics of CCS infrastructures, showing that the infrastructure cost function depends on the ratio of fixed to variable costs, as well as on the spatial distribution of CO2 sources and storage facilities; interpret cross-sector carbon mitigation strategies and their impacts on the energy and CO2 balance; and discuss awareness and knowledge of CCS, attitudes towards it, and how the risks and benefits of CCS are perceived. Part III discusses the Framework for Energy and Climate Policy, with chapters on acceptance and adoption of CCS policy in Germany, and the EU, and an assessment of international cooperation in support of CCS. The final chapter summarizes the central arguments, discusses the potential role of carbon capture and utilization as part of a German transformation strategy, and extrapolates the findings to European and international contexts.
Sustainable construction, with the overarching goal of reducing the environmental footprint of everything we build is becoming increasingly important and urgent in the light of the climate change the world is facing. The use of innovative and sustainable building materials, especially concrete as the worldwide most commonly used building material, offers a great opportunity to significantly reduce climate-relevant emissions in the construction sector. Due to their performance and reliable durability, the use of innovative high-performance concretes will help to reduce the need for new constructions and to sustainably repair existing infrastructure. In new buildings in particular, the use of high-performance materials can help to save energy and natural resources, which reduces climate-relevant emissions and thus global warming. With the current HiPerMat 6, we are responding to the growing understanding of the impact of our construction activities on the environment by placing greater emphasis on sustainability issues.
This contributed volume presents state-of-the-art advances in logistics theory in various fields as well as case studies. The book reports on a number of recently conducted studies in the Dinalog and the EffizienzCluster LogistikRuhr, thus bridging the gap between different perspectives of theoretical and applied research. A selection of theoretical topics, practical examples, case studies and project reports is presented in this volume. The editors carefully selected contributions from a wide variety of projects, which were carried out in both the Dinalog cluster and the Effizienzcluster LogistikRuhr. The contributions are grouped in five main sections, each representing key domains in the evolution of logistics and supply chain management: sustainability, urban logistics, value chain management, IT-based innovation, knowledge management. This book is intended for both researchers and practitioners in the field of logistics and supply chain management, to serve as an important source of information for further research as well as to stimulate further innovation.
Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (ELCA) is a young, but, increasingly a well-known technique, to assess the environmental impacts associated with products. In this dissertation thesis, a product-/process-related ELCA for a typical Armenian dairy factory has been performed. Here, the environmental impacts associated with the manufacturing processes of selected dairy products have been investigated. The production of raw milk at the supplier dairy farm and the disposal of the solid waste and waste water incurred during production and processing have been considered as well. Due to the multi-functional nature of dairy factories, an allocation procedure according to the calorific value of each product under assessment has been conducted. In order to execute the ELCA, the software SimaPro has been used. As the methodology for Life Cycle Impact Assessment, the ReCiPe Midpoint method has been applied. Inventory, characterization, normalization, contribution, and sensitivity analyses have been carried out accordingly. The results of these analyses have determined the significant impact categories by each analyzed product and the products with the greatest environmental impacts. Furthermore, the “hotspots” of the processes have been determined. Ökologische Lebenszyklusanalyse (Ökobilanz) ist eine junge, jedoch inzwischen eine gut bekannte Methode zur Untersuchung der Umweltauswirkungen der Produkte. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurde eine produkt-/prozessbezogene Lebenszyklusanalyse für eine typische armenische Molkerei durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden die Umweltauswirkungen der Herstellungsprozesse ausgewählter Molkereiprodukte untersucht. Die Rohmilchproduktion in der Lieferfarm und die Entsorgung der anfallenden Produktionsabfälle und –abwässer wurden gleichfalls betrachtet. Wegen der multifunktionalen Natur der Molkereien wurde ein Allokationsverfahren basierend auf dem Brennwert jedes untersuchten Produktes durchgeführt. Um die ökologische Lebenszyklusanalyse durchzuführen, wurde die Software SimaPro verwendet. Die Methode ReCiPe Midpoint wurde als Methode der Wirkungsabschätzung verwendet. Dementsprechend wurden Inventory-, Wirkungsabschätzungs-, Normalisierungs-, Beitrags- und Sensitivitätsanalysen durchgeführt. Ergebnisse dieser Analysen haben die signifikanten Umweltkategorien bei jedem untersuchten Produkt und die Produkte mit den höchsten Umweltauswirkungen identifiziert. Darüber hinaus wurden die „Hotspots“ der Prozesse festgestellt.
This comprehensive textbook gives an insight into all relevant aspects of business administration, as they are all subject to fundamental changes due to the transformation to a more sustainable economy. It starts with the background on sustainability and the scientific classification of sustainable business administration. Next, it sheds light on the boundary conditions regarding environmental economics and social responsibility. The next section deals with management functions, from strategy and international management to change management, legal implications and HR management. The last part focuses on value creation. Here, the authors shed light on the influence of sustainability in all areas of the corporate value chain, from procurement on to production and ending with marketing and sales. Also addressed are expert functions such as environmental management or sustainable product design, which are essential in driving sustainable innovation in a dynamically changing environment.
This volume contains the papers presented at IALCCE2018, the Sixth International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE2018), held in Ghent, Belgium, October 28-31, 2018. It consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB device with full papers including the Fazlur R. Khan lecture, 8 keynote lectures, and 390 technical papers from all over the world. Contributions relate to design, inspection, assessment, maintenance or optimization in the framework of life-cycle analysis of civil engineering structures and infrastructure systems. Life-cycle aspects that are developed and discussed range from structural safety and durability to sustainability, serviceability, robustness and resilience. Applications relate to buildings, bridges and viaducts, highways and runways, tunnels and underground structures, off-shore and marine structures, dams and hydraulic structures, prefabricated design, infrastructure systems, etc. During the IALCCE2018 conference a particular focus is put on the cross-fertilization between different sub-areas of expertise and the development of an overall vision for life-cycle analysis in civil engineering. The aim of the editors is to provide a valuable source of cutting edge information for anyone interested in life-cycle analysis and assessment in civil engineering, including researchers, practising engineers, consultants, contractors, decision makers and representatives from local authorities.