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A presentation of the proceedings and papers of the International Conference, this volume examines the state of the science of producing ceramic, glass, and composite materials using the new methods of chemical micromorphology, and transformation based processing, along with practical applications. Discusses the potential for producing materials with unique properties and the possibility of controlling long-term reliability.
As the field's premiere source, this reference is extensively revised and expanded to collect hard-to-find applications, equations, derivations, and examples illustrating the latest developments in ceramic processing technology. This book is concerned primarily with the processing of polycrystalline ceramics and focuses on the widespread fabrication of ceramics by the firing of consolidated powders forms. A brief treatment of sol-gel processing is also included. Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Second Edition provides clear and intensive discussions on colloidal and sol-gel processing, sintering of ceramics, and kinetic processes in materials. From powder synthesis and consolidation to sintering and densification behavior, this latest edition emphasizes the impact of each processing procedure on ceramic properties. The second edition also contains new and extended discussions on colloid stability, polymer growth and gelation, additives in ceramic forming, diffusion and defect strucutre, normal and abnormal grain growth, microwave sintering, Rayleigh instability effects, and Ostwald ripening. Illustrating the interconnectedness between the various steps in the overall fabrication route, Ceramic Processing and Sintering, Second Edition approaches the fundamental issues of each process and show how they are applied to the practical fabrication of ceramics.
Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing presents the physical and chemical principles of the sol-gel process. The book emphasizes the science behind sol-gel processing with a chapter devoted to applications. The first chapter introduces basic terminology, provides a brief historical sketch, and identifies some excellent texts for background reading. Chapters 2 and 3 discuss the mechanisms of hydrolysis and condensation for nonsilicate and silicate systems. Chapter 4 deals with stabilization and gelation of sols. Chapter 5 reviews theories of gelation and examines the predicted and observed changes in the properties of a sol in the vicinity of the gel point. Chapter 6 describes the changes in structure and properties that occur during aging of a gel in its pore liquor (or some other liquid). The discussion of drying is divided into two parts, with the theory concentrated in Chapter 7 and the phenomenology in Chapter 8. The structure of dried gels is explored in Chapter 9. Chapter 10 shows the possibility of using the gel as a substrate for chemical reactions or of modifying the bulk composition of the resulting ceramic by performing a surface reaction (such as nitridation) on the gel. Chapter 11 reviews the theory and practice of sintering, describing the mechanisms that govern densification of amorphous and crystalline materials, and showing the advantages of avoiding crystallization before sintering is complete. The properties of gel-derived and conventional ceramics are discussed in Chapter 12. The preparation of films is such an important aspect of sol-gel technology that the fundamentals of film formation are treated at length in Chapter 13. Films and other applications are briefly reviewed in Chapter 14. Materials scientists and researchers in the field of sol-gel processing will find the book invaluable.
Many believe that the silicon/information age is heading to the Age of Biology and that the next frontier in ceramics will most likely require molecular level or nanoscale control. What, then, is the role of ceramics in the age of biology? As we change from an energy-rich society to an energy-declining society, how can ceramic materials appease the
This valuable handbook has been compiled by internationally renowned researchers in the field. Each chapter is focused on a specific composite system or a class of composites, presenting a detailed description of processing, properties, and applications.
This volume is part of the Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceeding (CESP) series. This series contains a collection of papers dealing with issues in both traditional ceramics (i.e., glass, whitewares, refractories, and porcelain enamel) and advanced ceramics. Topics covered in the area of advanced ceramic include bioceramics, nanomaterials, composites, solid oxide fuel cells, mechanical properties and structural design, advanced ceramic coatings, ceramic armor, porous ceramics, and more.
The proceedings of the Twenty-First University Conference on Ceramic Science held at The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA on July 17, 18 and 19, 1985 are compiled in this volume "Tailoring Multiphase and Composite Ceramics". This Conference emphasized the' discussion and analysis of the properties of multiphase ceramic materials in which the microstructure is deliberately tailored for specific applications or properties. Inter nationally recognized authorities presented keynote and invited lectures on topics dealing with processing and fabrication of multiphase and com posite electroceramics, fiber reinforced composites and high temperature multiphase ceramics. Results of recent research were presented in oral and poster sessions by leading researchers from several countries. This collection of papers represents the state of the art in our understand ing of the processing-structure-property interrelationships for these materials which possess unique and useful electrical, magnetic, optical, mechanical and thermal properties as a result of their multiphase nature. We are grateful for the financial support of the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scien tific Research, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency for this conference. We gratefully acknowledge Prof. Robert Davis' leader ship role in steering and expanding this university conference series on ceramic science. We thank Ron Avillion and Linda Rose for their expert assistance in planning and coordinating the meeting. Thanks are due to Ms. Marian Reed, Ms. Judy Bell and Ms.
Many of the properties critical to the engineering applications of ceramics are strongly dependent on their microstructure which, in turn, is dependent on the processing methods used to produce the ceramic material. Ceramic Processing, Second Edition provides a comprehensive treatment of the principles and practical methods used in producing ceramics with controlled microstructure. Covering the main steps in the production of ceramics from powders, the book also provides succinct coverage of other methods for fabricating ceramics, such as sol−gel processing, reaction bonding, chemical vapor deposition and polymer pyrolysis. While maintaining the objectives of the successful first edition, this new edition has been revised and updated to include recent developments and expanded to feature new chapters on additives used in ceramic processing; rheological properties of suspensions, slurries, and pastes; granulation, mixing, and packing of particles; and sintering theory and principles. Intended as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses in ceramic processing, the book also provides an indispensable resource for research and development engineers in industry who are involved in the production of ceramics or who would like to develop a background in the processing of ceramics.
TO SOL-GEL PROCESSING by Alain c. Pierre Universite Claude-Bemard-Lyon 1 ~. SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC " ISBN 978-0-7923-8121-1 ISBN 978-1-4615-5659-6 (eBook) DOl 10. 1007/978-1-4615-5659-6 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A C. I. P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Copyright© 1998 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1998 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1998 Second Printing 2002. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photo copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC Printed on acid-free paper. This printing is a digital duplication of the original edition. To Marie-Claude David and Valerie Kaolinite gel network. From K. Ma and A. Pierre - Unpublished photograph. TABLE OF CONTENT PREFACE ix 1 . GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 l. l - Short history 1 1. 2 - Sols, gels and gelation 2 1. 3 - Outline of sol-gel processing 4 1. 4 - Recent developments 6 1. 5 - Advantages and limitations of sol-gel processing 6 1. 6 - Organization of the book 8 1. 7 - References 8 2 ·THE CHEMISTRY OF PRECURSORS SOLUTIONS 11 2. 1 - Introduction 11 2. 2 - Solvents 12 2. 3 - Basis of precursors transformations in solution 17 2. 4 - Metal salts solutions 24 2.
Materials scientists continue to develop stronger, more versatile ceramics for advanced technological applications, such as electronic components, fuel cells, engines, sensors, catalysts, superconductors, and space shuttles. From the start of the fabrication process to the final fabricated microstructure, Ceramic Processing covers all aspects of modern processing for polycrystalline ceramics. Stemming from chapters in the author's bestselling text, Ceramic Processing and Sintering, this book gathers additional information selected from many sources and review articles in a single, well-researched resource. The author outlines the most commonly employed ceramic fabrication processes by the consolidation and sintering of powders. A systematic approach highlights the importance of each step as well as the interconnection between the various steps in the overall fabrication route. The in-depth treatment of production methods includes powder, colloidal, and sol-gel processing as well as chemical synthesis of powders, forming, sintering, and microstructure control. The book covers powder preparation and characterization, organic additives in ceramic processing, mixing and packing of particles, drying, and debinding. It also describes recent technologies such as the synthesis of nanoscale powders and solid freeform fabrication. Ceramic Processing provides a thorough foundation and reference in the production of ceramic materials for advanced undergraduates and graduate students as well as professionals in corporate training or professional courses.