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Ultracentrifugal Analysis: In Theory and Experiment aims to tackle some outstanding problems in sedimentation analysis. The book presents topics such as the thermodynamics of diffusion and sedimentation; diffusion and sedimentation in multicomponent systems; and the frictional formalism in the flow equations of sedimentation. The text also includes topics such as solutions of the general differential equation for the ultracentrifuge; the interpolation diagram for calculating model Schlieren patterns for reversibly interacting systems; and sedimentation of reversibly aggregating substances. Articles on the effects of charge on the sedimentation, the diffusion and the sedimentation equilibrium of colloidal electrolytes; the basic equilibrium equations; and the sedimentation equilibrium in reacting systems are also considered. The book further tackles articles on the optical systems for sedimentation analysis; computational methods of ultracentrifugation; separation cells; and the magnetic bearing for an ultracentrifuge. Chemists, physicists, and biologists will find the book invaluable.
Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) can supply rich information on the mass, shape, size distribution, solvation, and composition of macromolecules and nanoscopic particles. It also provides a detailed view of their reversible single- or multi-component interactions over a wide range of affinities. Yet this powerful technique has been hard to mast
Analytical ultracentrifugation has become an increasingly important technique for monitoring the size and shape of biological macromolecules. Analytical Ultracentrifugation: Techniques and Methods contains contributions from experts in the field, bringing together the multitude of developments that have taken place in instrumentation and analysis over the past decade into a single volume. This book covers the latest methods in analysis along with an extensive introduction for the novice user. Analysis methods in both sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium are discussed at length. Protein, protein/DNA, membrane proteins and polymer systems are also explored, along with software developments and non-ideality.
There are numerous examples in the history of science when the parallel develop ments of two or more disciplines, methodologies, technologies or theoretical in sights have converged to produce significant scientific advances. The decades following the 1950s have produced several such significant advances, as a result of a convergence of developments in molecular biology and in solid state-based electronics instrumentation. Since one of these areas of significant advancement, analytical ultracentrifu gation, has been undergoing a renaissance, we thought it would be a useful activity to call upon a group of researchers who have been developing either the experi mental or theoretical aspects of the methodology and gather in one place a group of articles summarizing the current status of the field. The success of recombinant DNA methodologies at producing biologically active macromolecules of commer cial interest has evoked interests in mechanisms of function. Pursuit of the related questions has emphasized the importance of studies of macromolecular binding and interaction. Several contributions to this volume remind us that analytical ultra centrifugation is rigorously based on solid thermodynamic theory and, as such, is fully capable of providing comprehensive quantitative descriptions of molecular interactions in solution. Furthermore, a number of the chapters provide examples, along with innovative methods for carrying out these characterizations. The past decade has seen several developments that reflect the rebirth of interest in analytical ultracentrifugation.
Mathematical Theory of Sedimentation Analysis deals with ultracentrifugal analysis. The book reviews flow equations for the ultracentrifuge, for two component systems, for multicomponent systems, and in chemically reacting systems. It explains the Svedberg equation and its extensions, and also the tests of the Onsager reciprocal relation. By employing a system consisting of two strong electrolytes and a solvent, the book illustrates that the sedimentation processes can be treated in terms of thermodynamics of irreversible processes. It also explains sedimentation-diffusion equilibrium and an approach to sedimentation equilibrium. It reviews the prediction of the time required to reach equilibrium, the estimates being made by Weaver (1926), and by Mason and Weaver (1924). The book employs sedimentation in a sector-shaped cell in a centrifugal field, of which the solutions of Mason and Weaver closely approximate the actual concentration distribution in the ultra-centrifuge cell. Other accurate solutions are by Fujita, Nazarian (1958), Yphantis, and Waugh. The book will prove valuable for mathematicians, physical chemists, biophysical chemists students, or professor of advanced mathematics.
This book is divided into chapters covering instrumentation, sedimentation velocity runs, density gradient runs, application examples and future developments. In particular, the detailed application chapter demonstrates the versatility and power of AUC by means of many interesting and important industrial examples. Thus the book concentrates on practical aspects rather than details of centrifugation theory.