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Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).This special volume presents the very latest findings and ideas in the field of ultra-precision machining. The topics covered include: Single-point diamond turning of optical materials or moulding dies; Single-point diamond turning of other materials; Ultra-precision grinding of optical materials or moulding dies; Ultra-precision grinding of hard materials; Ultra-precision polishing of optical materials or moulding dies; Ultra-precision polishing of single crystals or chemical-mechanical polishing; Ultra-precision polishing of metals or alloys; High-speed machining technology and applications; Ion beam figuring and polishing; Electron beam patterning and polishing; Ultra-precision laser machining; Ultra-precision electro-discharge machining; Ultra-precision coating; Glass moulding and plastic injection moulding of optical and electrical components; Fabrication of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS); Ultra-precision machine tools; New ultra-precision machine and its machine elements; Ultra-precision positioning and control; Ultra-precision shape or surface-roughness measurement; New tools or new applications of tools; Other precision machining technology; Advanced manufacturing and design methods.This book will provide a valuable and fruitful reference source for researchers in the field of ultra-precision machining who wish to understand further the underlying mechanisms and to create new and practical design technologies, systems and processes. It will also be particularly useful for practising engineers who are responsible for providing efficient, precise and effective machining. Papers from a fall 2008 conference present the latest findings in the field of ultra-precision machining. Major themes include ultra-precision grinding and polishing of optical materials, moulding dies, hard materials, single crystals, and metals or alloys. Other areas explored include high-speed machining technology and applications, ion beam figuring and polishing, electron beam patterning and polishing, laser machining, electro-discharge machining, glass and plastic injection moulding of optical and electrical components, fabrication of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), ultra-precision machine tools, and advanced manufacturing and design methods. Specific topics covered include the white layer of hard-turned GCr15 bearing steel, surface modification of diamond to improve machining properties of an ultraviolet-curing wire saw, and laser and water-jet fiber coupling technology for micromachining. The book is illustrated with b&w images. It will be useful as a reference for researchers in the field of ultra-precision machining and for practicing engineers.
The realm of ultra precision mechanisms, for example in controlling motion to small fractions of a micrometer, is encroaching into many fields of technology. This book aims to provide a bridge for those moving from either an engineering or physics background towards the challenges offered by ultraprecision mechanisms. Using case study examples, this book provides a guide to basic techniques and gives technical, analytical and practical information.
CMP and polishing are the most precise processes used to finish the surfaces of mechanical and electronic or semiconductor components. Advances in CMP/Polishing Technologies for Manufacture of Electronic Devices presents the latest developments and technological innovations in the field - making cutting-edge R&D accessible to the wider engineering community. Most of the applications of these processes are kept as confidential as possible (proprietary information), and specific details are not seen in professional or technical journals and magazines. This book makes these processes and applications accessible to a wider industrial and academic audience. Building on the fundamentals of tribology - the science of friction, wear and lubrication - the authors explore the practical applications of CMP and polishing across various market sectors. Due to the high pace of development of the electronics and semiconductors industry, many of the presented processes and applications come from these industries. Demystifies scientific developments and technological innovations, opening them up for new applications and process improvements in the semiconductor industry and other areas of precision engineering Explores stock removal mechanisms in CMP and polishing, and the challenges involved in predicting the outcomes of abrasive processes in high-precision environments The authors bring together the latest innovations and research from the USA and Japan
This book provides details on various micro and precision manufacturing and finishing operations performed by conventional and advanced processes, including micro-manufacturing of micro-tools and precision finishing of engineered components. It describes the process mechanism, principles and parameters while performing micro-fabrication and precision finishing operations. The text provides the readers with knowledge of micro and precision manufacturing and encourages them to explore the future venues in this field.
Precision Manufacturing provides an introduction to precision engineering for manufacturing. With an emphasis on design and performance of precision machinery for manufacturing – machine tool elements and structure, sources of error, precision machining processes and process models sensors for process monitoring and control, metrology, actuators, and machine design. This book will be of interest to design engineers, quality engineers and manufacturing engineers, academics and those who may or may not have previous experience with precision manufacturing, but want to learn more.
This handbook covers the fly cutting technique, an ultra-precision mechanical machining technology which is regarded as the fastest and most reliable low-cost machining method to generate high quality complex surfaces. The ultra-precision raster milling provides more flexibility and suitability for freeform and structural surfaces with a uniform quality with sub-micrometric form error and nanometric surface roughness. These surfaces are widely applied into optics, medicine, biotechnology, electronics, and communications. The fundamental and latest advancing knowledge of fly-cutting technology is important for the future development and applications in ultra-precision mechanical machining technology. This book provides a good reference for fly-cutting technology in ultra-precision machining for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, engineers, and postdoctoral fellow in advanced manufacturing area. It gives the audience an overview of the working principles, process mechanism, salient features, applications, and research directions of ultra-precision fly-cutting technology.
This book presents an in-depth study and elucidation on the mechanisms of the micro-cutting process, with particular emphasis and a novel viewpoint on materials characterization and its influences on ultra-precision machining. Ultra-precision single point diamond turning is a key technology in the manufacture of mechanical, optical and opto-electronics components with a surface roughness of a few nanometers and form accuracy in the sub-micrometric range. In the context of subtractive manufacturing, ultra-precision diamond turning is based on the pillars of materials science, machine tools, modeling and simulation technologies, etc., making the study of such machining processes intrinsically interdisciplinary. However, in contrast to the substantial advances that have been achieved in machine design, laser metrology and control systems, relatively little research has been conducted on the material behavior and its effects on surface finish, such as the material anisotropy of crystalline materials. The feature of the significantly reduced depth of cut on the order of a few micrometers or less, which is much smaller than the average grain size of work-piece materials, unavoidably means that conventional metal cutting theories can only be of limited value in the investigation of the mechanisms at work in micro-cutting processes in ultra-precision diamond turning.
The first part of Volume I outlines the origins and development of CNC machine tools. It explains the construction of the equipment and also discusses the various elements necessary to ensure high quality of production. The second part considers how a company justifies the purchase of either cells or systems and illustrates why simulation exercises are essential prior to a full implementation. Communication protocols as well as networking topologies are examined. Finally, the important high-speed machining developments and the drive towards ultra-high precision are mentioned. Following a brief historical introduction to cutting tool development, chapters 1 and 2 of Volume II explain why CNC requires a change in cutting tool technology from conventional methods. A presentation is given of the working knowledge of cutting tools and cutting fluids which is needed to make optimal use of the productive capacity of CNC machines. Since an important consideration for any machine tool is how one can locate and restrain the workpiece in the correct orientation and with the minimum of set-up time, chapter 3 is concerned with workholding technology. Volume III deals with CNC programming. It has been written in conjunction with a major European supplier of controllers in order to give the reader a more consistent and in-depth understanding of the logic used to program such machines. It explains how why and where to program specific features of a part and how to build them up into complete programs. Thus, the reader will learn about the main aspects of the logical structure and compilation of a program. Finally, there is a brief review of so me of the typical controllers currently available from both universal and proprietary builders.
The Latest Techniques of Ultra-Precise Manufacturing for Creating Mechanical, Electronic, and Optical Products Precision Engineering gives expert guidance on the application of manufacturing to micro and nano levels, using state-of-the-art miniaturization technology. The book fully explores these new in-demand techniques, providing clear explanations of precision engineering fundamentals, the theory and design of precision machines, and the mechanics of ultra-precise machining. Filled with over 200 skills-building illustrations, this vital engineering resource examines topics ranging from atomic bit processes for manufacturing and atomic force...to scanning and electronic and optical microscopy. You will find timely information on the tool materials for precision machining...the mechanics of materials cutting...advances in precision grinding...ultra-precision machine elements...rolling element, hydrodynamic, and hydrostatic bearings...gas lubricated bearings... microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)...and much more. Presenting practical know-how on everything required to create actual products, Precision Engineering features: A full account of tool materials for precision engineering The latest methods of precision grinding Detailed analysis of ultra-precise machine elements In-depth coverage of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) Inside This Cutting-Edge Guide to Precision Engineering Methods • Tool Materials for Precision Machining • Mechanics of Materials Cutting • Advances in Precision Grinding • Ultra-Precision Machine Elements • Rolling Element, Hydrodynamic, and Hydrostatic Bearings • Gas Lubricated Bearings • Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)