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It has been ten years since I presented the paper entitled “A new model and theory on yield and failure of materials under the complex stress state” at the Sixth Conference on Mechanical Behaviour of Materials held at Kyoto, Japan in 1991. The proceedings edited by Jono and Inoue were published by Pergamon Press in 1991. At that conference Professor Murakami and I were invited to act as the chairperson and co-chairperson of a session, and I presented the paper at another session. Few days before the conference, I had given a seminar regarding the tw- shear strength theory and the unified strength theory at Nagoya Technological University. These were the first two presentations of the unified strength theory, although I had completed the research of the unified strength theory in 1990. The paper “Twin-shear strength theory and its generalization” was published in the English edition of Sciences in China, the top journal in China, in 1985. The th original generalized twin-shear strength theory was presented at the 16 International Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Congress held at Copenhagen in Denmark and MPA (MaterialPrüfungsAnstalt) at Stuttgart University, Germany in 1984. After this Congress I visited the MPA and School of Civil Engineering of Stuttgart University, and gave a seminar regarding the generalized twin-shear strength theory at MPA of Stuttgart University. Professor Otto Mohr (1835–1918) has had worked at the Stuttgart University. He was a very good professor, his lectures aroused great interest in his students.
Triaxial compression tests were performed on 6-inch by 12-inch concrete cylinders. Axial pressures of up to 177,000 psi and lateral pressures of up to 75,000 psi were applied in the triaxial testing machine of the Bureau of Reclamation, Denver. Concrete mixes with average compressive strengths of 5,200 psi, 8,100 psi, and 8,700 psi were tested under four different types of triaxial compression. Type I and Type IV tests were run until the axial stress dropped or until 2 inches of axial deformation were produced. The results of the Type I and Type IV loadings differed little. Considerable bulging occurred, and it appeared that the average normal stress at midheight remained nearly constant during bulging and represented an approximate yield stress. Type II tests were run until the lateral stress had an effect. No drop-off of load occurred in the Type III tests, but the unconfined compressive strength of the concrete cylinders was decreased. The results obtained are in good agreement with those of previous investigators, but much higher stresses were attained in the present tests than in any previous tests. (Author).