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Hearing held to determine whether there are measures that can be taken to strengthen DoD's role in the export license review process & whether additional controls should be placed on items which might contribute to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or enhance the strategic military capabilities of certain countries. Witnesses: Dr. Stephen D. Bryen, Former Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Trade & Security Policy; Dr. Mitchel B. Wallerstein, Former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Counterproliferation Policy; & Gary Milhollin, Executive Director, Wisconsin Project for Nuclear Arms Control.
The editors of this book have gathered writings from various contributors who discuss American and Japanese views of nonproliferation export controls. Readers will see the U.S.'s perspective and the Japanese perspective on controlling the export of dual-use items for military security reasons and trading these items for economic benefits. The book provides an analysis of issues ranging from technology control to democratization to the different interests and preferences of policy-makers. It also examines the possibility of a multilateral export control arrangement through the cooperation of Japan and the U.S. This examination includes identifying policy implication, opportunities, risks and constraints that influence and create an agenda for future nonproliferation export control research between Japan and the U.S. This book will enlighten readers to the potential of a balanced and durable global partnership. The book will make a significant contribution to the on-going discussion on the development of export controls in the post-Cold War era. It will appeal to students and teachers of foreign policy, international relations, comparative foreign policy, comparative political economy and Japanese area studies. It will also interest the policy-making community.
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) are not necessarily acquired as entire systems. They are often assembled from parts and materials, many of which are dual-use?i.e., of both commercial and military utility. Often, suppliers of these components do not ask who their customers are or inquire about the intended application. This has for a long time been the Achilles? heel of well-intentioned nonproliferation conventions. The answer lies in more stringent export controls of weapons-related technologies. In this eye-opening collection of essays, sponsored by the Center for International Trade and Security at the University of Georgia (USA), a group of outstanding experts in the nonproliferation field report on the efforts of five leading supplier countries?the United States, France, Russia, China, and India?to implement export controls on weapons and sensitive technologies used for producing WMD. The book is both reassuring and alarming in its very precise survey and analysis of export control regimes. At most national levels, regulation is rapidly making firms more accountable, and more industries are routinely implementing internal compliance programs. However, these advances are in a neck-to-neck race with intangible methods of transferring information, corporations with no national allegiance, and competition among international suppliers. Based on in-depth research?each of the contributors spent considerable time conducting interviews with government officials and other policy experts, observing policy making and implementation, and gathering empirical data?this detailed and thought-provoking book will be of great value to all concerned with security objectives for the twenty-first century.
Protecting U.S. security by controlling technology export has long been a major issue. But the threat of the Soviet sphere is rapidly being superseded by state-sponsored terrorism; nuclear, chemical, biological, and missile proliferation; and other critical security factors. This volume provides a policy outline and specific steps for an urgently needed revamping of U.S. and multilateral export controls. It presents the latest information on these and many other pressing issues: The successes and failures of U.S. export controls, including a look at U.S. laws, regulations, and export licensing; U.S. participation in international agencies; and the role of industry. The effects of export controls on industry. The growing threat of "proliferation" technologies. World events make this volume indispensable to policymakers, government security agencies, technology exporters, and faculty and students of international affairs.
The book provides the statutory authority for export controls on sensitive dual-use goods and technologies, items that have both civilian and military applications, including those items that can contribute to the proliferation of nuclear, biological and chemical weaponry. This new book examines the evolution, provisions, debate, controversy, prospects and reauthorisation of the EAA.