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The Two-in-One Byzantine Alexandrian Greek New Testament is a merged text of the Alexandrian and Byzantine textual classics: Stephanus 1550, and, Nestle 1904. Over 4,000 textual variants between the two text-types are clearly documented, providing a one-source solution for identifying the Greek variants behind the translation of most classic and modern English New Testaments.The Alexandrian and Byzantine texts, represented by Stephanus 1550 and Nestle 1904, where in agreement, form a common base-text for the Two-in-One Byzantine Alexandrian Greek New Testament. Variants between the Alexandrian and Byzantine texts are presented in-line without bias using square brackets [Alexandrian] and parentheses (Byzantine). Thus, both text-types are honored without prejudice, allowing the reader equal and objective access to two of the most respected ancient Greek New Testament base-texts in one convenient document. The variants among most modern English Bible translations are addressed in the Two-in-One Byzantine Alexandrian Greek New Testament so the Greek reader can quickly identify and follow the source texts during live teachings or while listening to prerecorded audio. Stephanus 1550 and Nestle 1904 represent two of the most respected and broad-based Greek source-texts for the English New Testament. The modern version of the Authorized King James Bible draws its New Testament portions primarily from Stephanus 1550. Stephanus standardized the chapter-and-verse numbering system used today and Stephanus IV was the chief base-text of the Geneva Bible, making the Stephanus texts the official New Testament Greek source of the Protestant Movement for more than 300 years. The Alexandrian text-type is represented by Eberhard Nestle's, The New Testament: Text with Critical Apparatus, published by The British And Foreign Bible Society. Images of ancient papyri and parchments are displayed on the first page of each New Testament book. The digital images of these priceless treasures have been graphically enhanced to make the Greek text more legible. The 2012 edition of the Dodson Greek-English Lexicon by John Jeffrey Dodson is included in the appendix to provide concise English definitions for most of the words found in this compilation.
THE NEW TESTAMENT was written in Koine Greek during the first century AD. From the time of its original revelation, handwritten copies continually were prepared in order tomaintain and preserve that original text into the modern era. All copies made prior to the invention of movable-type printing were made by hand, resulting in various scribal alterations, most of these being of a minor nature. Although the autographs no longer exist and no two manuscript copies are completely identical, sufficient evidence exists by which one can produce an accurate representation of the original text by comparing and evaluating the overall manuscript consensus. Robinson and Pierpont have taken the utmost care in preparing that text for this edition.Various other methods for restoration of the original NT text have fallen short of their goal, in part due to methodological subjectivity, and in part to a presuppositional bias against the claims of the Byzantine Textform. The texts created under such a bias tend to be based on only a handful of favored manuscripts, and fail to consider all transmissional factors in the preservation of the original text. As a result, the modern eclectic texts tend to preserve more of a caricature than the essence of the originals.In contrast, Robinson and Pierpont have applied many of the same methods of textual criticism to their task, but without the anti-Byzantine bias. Their method of "reasoned transmissionalism" is based on the wider scope of manuscript transmission throughout history. The preface of this edition explains the basic method by which the present editors have arrived at their basic text. The appendix contains Robinson's essay, "The Case for Byzantine Priority," which presents a rationale for and defense of the theory and methodology that has been applied in the preparation of this edition.
The only complete edition of the Greek New Testament that shows what the majority of Greek manuscripts in existence contain. All students of biblical Greek should use this edition to consider its thoughtful challenge to the eclectic text provided in all other Greek Testaments
Bruce Metzger calls the Westcott-Hort text "The most noteworthy critical edition of the Greek Testament ever produced by British scholarship." In their monumental critical edition of "The New Testament in the Original Greek," Cambridge professors B. F. Westcott and F. J. A. Hort established the Greek text that has become the essential basis for nearly all subsequent editions and English translations. Through their groundbreaking reconstruction of New Testament textual history and their rigorous reexamination of the manuscript evidence, Westcott and Hort inaugurated a new era of textual study that has set the stage for all subsequent work. Beyond preserving the landmark text, this new edition offers students and scholars alike a handy and affordable Greek Testament for day-to-day use that includes English headings, synoptic parallels, and complete references to Old Testament quotations. This edition also includes a revision and expansion of Alexander Souter's "A Pocket Lexicon of the Greek New Testament." Long a favorite among biblical scholars, Souter's "Pocket Lexicon" offers concise yet clear English definitions and helpful grammatical information on every Greek word used in the New Testament. A Foreword by renowned New Testament textual scholar, Dr. Eldon J. Epp, sets the Westcott-Hort text in historical perspective for contemporary readers. FEATURES - Detailed apparatus comparing the Westcott/Hort text with differences in the 27th edition of Nestle/Aland and Robinson/Pierpont Byzantine editions - Complete references to Old Testament citations and synoptic gospel parallels - English section headings for easy navigation - Revised and expanded Souter Greek dictionary - Bible maps
Should the Byzantine text-type be considered valuable in determining the original text of the New Testament? Does it bear independent witness to ancient readings? Dr. Harry Sturz, in a book published in 1984, maintained that it should be valued and that it could help with finding older readings and thus contribute to our knowledge of and confidence in the text of the Greek New Testament. His position, that the Byzantine text-type should be weighed along with other witnesses to the ancient text, differs from those who dismiss Byzantine manuscripts, which were largely copied later, but also from those who hold that the Byzantine text has priority or even is determinative of what the final reading should be. He uses carefully laid out arguments and numerous specific examples in making his case. This book is divided into two parts. The first outlines the positions both for relying on the Byzantine text and for largely ignoring it. Part two examines the evidence and outlines an argument that neither side of this debate should win the field, but rather that the Byzantine text should be valued, but not made exclusive. Energion Publications is pleased to offer this reprint edition, reproducing the text of the old book exactly, and adding a preface by Dr. David Alan Black. We believe that Dr. Sturz’s arguments provide a strong case and are as relevant today as they were in 1984. We also believe that not just scholars but all believers should be made aware of discussions about the text of Scripture so that they can understand the arguments for the reliability of the text we have today. This book is primarily aimed at students of New Testament textual criticism and at scholars who are seeking to refine their art. The first section especially is accessible to any serious reader. While the second section does include Greek text and excellent references, the main argument is clear and accessible.
This is a PDF based on the contents of a web site I’ve been working on for decades. I do not believe I will ever entirely finish it. But I wanted to make it available. Textual criticism is the process of recovering an ancient document from late and corrupt manuscript copies; New Testament Textual Criticism consists of trying to figure out what the New Testament originally said before scribes messed it up. Dedicated to Dr. Sally Amundson and Dr. Carol Elizabeth Anway and Lily. This version, from July 20, 2013, will probably be the last; the file is almost too large to edit.
A definitive introduction to New Testament textual criticism, this book includes a comparison of the major editions of the New Testament, detailed description and analysis of the manuscripts of the Greek New Testament, and discussion on the value of the early versions. This second edition contains two new supplementary essays as well as revised plates, tables, and charts.
In 1975, the boldest, most extensive project in modern Bible publishing history began. 130 Bible scholars, pastors and communicators gathered with one goal in mind - to preserve the accuracy, authority and beauty of the King James Version while updating the language for modern readers. This book offers an insightful glance into the history of this event as only the Executive Editor, Arthur L. Farstad can tell. If you've ever thought that a room full of biblical scholars sorting through Hebrew and Greek was boring, then think again. Revealing the pain staking progress that each member of the committee made over the seven-year process, three distinct sections guide the reader through the purpose of the NKJV translation: Part One: Accuracy Part Two: Beauty Part Three: Completeness