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Over 200 previously unpublished photographs document the building and development of the many check points, barbed wire barriers, and alarmed fences which formed the concrete wall around Berlin. This book tells dramatic tales of spectacular escapes and terrible deaths, and explains the history making events surrounding the building and fall of the Wall. Contemporary photographs are contrasted with photographs from the eighties to offer surprising insights into how the former death strip has changed since 1990. Relics of the wall in the current cityscape are prominently illustrated, including remnants of the Wall itself, expanded metal lattice fences, observation towers, barbed wire and concrete posts. Also included are statistics showing the numbers of refugees and victims of the Wall, a guide to the museums and memorials and a summary of the literature and cinema treatment of the Wall, along with a brief chronicle of its history.
This book set provides a new, global, updated, thorough, clear, and practical risk-based approach to tunnelling design and construction methods, and discusses detailed examples of solutions applied to relevant case histories. It is organized in three sequential and integrated volumes: Volume 1: Concept – Basic Principles of Design Volume 2: Construction – Methods, Equipment, Tools and Materials Volume 3: Case Histories and Best Practices This book covers all aspects of tunnelling, giving useful and practical information about design (Vol. 1), construction (Vol. 2), and best practices (Vol. 3). It provides the following features and benefits: updated vision on tunnelling design, tools, materials, and construction balanced mix of theory, technology, and applied experience different and harmonized points of view from academics, professionals, and contractors easy consultation in the form of a handbook risk-oriented approach to tunnelling problems. The tunnelling industry is amazingly widespread and increasingly important all over the world, particularly in developing countries. The possible audience of this book are engineers, geologists, designers, constructors, providers, contractors, public and private customers, and, in general, technicians involved in the tunnelling and underground works industry. It is also a suitable source of information for industry professionals, senior undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and academics.
Filled with fun facts and unbelievable photography, this below-the-surface exploration of the world’s most spectacular underground spaces will delight curious nature lovers, travelers, and readers.
This book presents experimental techniques in the field of aerodynamics, a discipline that is essential in numerous areas, such as the design of aerial and ground vehicles and engines, the production of energy, and understanding the wind resistance of buildings. Aerodynamics is not only concerned with improving the performance and comfort of vehicles, but also with reducing their environmental impact. The book provides updated information on the experimental and technical methods used by aerodynamicists, engineers and researchers. It describes the various types of wind tunnels – from subsonic to hypersonic – as well as the problems posed by their design and operation. The book also focuses on metrology, which has allowed us to gain a detailed understanding of the local properties of flows, and examines current developments toward creating a methodology combining experiments and numerical simulations: the computer-assisted wind tunnel. Lastly, it offers an overview of experimental aerodynamics based on a prospective vision of the discipline, and discusses potential futures challenges. The book can be used as a textbook for graduate courses in aerodynamics, typically offered to students of aerospace and mechanical engineering programs, and as a learning tool for professionals and engineers in the fields of aerodynamics, aeronautics and astronautics automobile.
The first major history of Chicago ever written, A History of Chicago covers the city’s great history over two centuries, from 1673 to 1893. Originally conceived as a centennial history of Chicago, the project became, under the guidance of renowned historian Bessie Louise Pierce, a definitive, three-volume set describing the city’s growth—from its humble frontier beginnings to the horrors of the Great Fire, the construction of some of the world’s first skyscrapers, and the opulence of the 1893 World’s Fair. Pierce and her assistants spent over forty years transforming historical records into an inspiring human story of growth and survival. Rich with anecdotal evidence and interviews with the men and women who made Chicago great, all three volumes will now be available for the first time in years. A History of Chicago will be essential reading for anyone who wants to know this great city and its place in America. “With this rescue of its history from the bright, impressionable newspapermen and from the subscription-volumes, Chicago builds another impressive memorial to its coming of age, the closing of its first ‘century of progress.’”—E. D. Branch, New York Times (1937)
The Channel Tunnel's full potential is yet to be unlocked. Focusing particularly on the Channel Tunnel's role in connecting the passenger and freight rail network in Europe, the Committee's seven-month long inquiry has heard from a variety of rail experts including the Chief Executive of Eurostar, representatives from Eurotunnel and Deutsche Bahn and Transport Minister Theresa Villiers MP. The key recommendations from the committee are: i) the EU should ensure the full implementation of the Railway Packages in all Member States, to ensure fair access for all; ii) the terms of the Treaty of Canterbury (the agreement that allowed the Channel Tunnel's construction) should be reviewed, in order to move towards direct governance of the Tunnel by the UK and French national regulators; iii) safety standards used across the EU should apply in full in the Tunnel; iv) access charges should be reviewed and reduced, to ensure a better deal for operators and passengers; v) Border controls should be examined and streamlined, to encourage new international services to be developed; vi) priority for EU funding for rail infrastructure should be given to projects contributing to economic growth at a critical time for the Union, with conditions attached to ensure that new rail developments ensure fair access and are compatible with rail networks across the EU; vii)consumer interests must be paramount. Member States must increase the importance and awareness of passenger rights, and ensure that tickets can be booked conveniently and in an integrated way to allow for easier and less bureaucratic international train travel