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Tritium Isotope Separation is the first book to present a current overview of the separation processes for tritium isotopes. The book consists of two parts. Part I explores the sources of tritium and the evolution of the world's tritium inventory. Part II describes the processes and plants used for tritium isotope separation, enrichment methods for tritium for analytical purposes, methods for recovering and enriching tritium from nuclear and thermonuclear plants, and the laser method. The book in general emphasizes applications, performance, characterization, laboratory experiments, pilot plants and industrial production, reliability, and cost. An author index, subject index, list of acronyms and abbreviations, and glossary have been included to make the book an even more valuable reference. Tritium Isotope Separation will be an essential book for all nuclear energy engineers, nuclear physicists, and others working with various aspects of isotope separation science.
Methods for laser-assisted isotope separation of tritium, using infrared multiple photon dissociation of tritium-bearing products in the gas phase. One such process involves the steps of (1) catalytic exchange of a deuterium-bearing molecule XYD with tritiated water DTO from sources such as a heavy water fission reactor, to produce the tritium-bearing working molecules XYT and (2) photoselective dissociation of XYT to form a tritium-rich product. By an analogous procedure, tritium is separated from tritium-bearing materials that contain predominately hydrogen such as a light water coolant from fission or fusion reactors.
This book focuses on tritium as a fuel for fusion reactors and a next-generation energy source. Following an introduction of tritium as a hydrogen radioisotope, important issues involved in establishing safe and economical tritium fuel cycles including breeding for a fusion reactor are summarized; these include the handling of large amounts of tritium: confinement, leakage, contamination, permeation, regulation and tritium accountancy, and impacts on surrounding areas. Targeting and encouraging the students and technicians who will design and operate fusion reactors in the near future, this book offers a valuable resource on tritium science and technology.