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In 1994, the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) funded a Tri-Service effort to accelerate the development and fielding of environmental sensing technologies to extend the capabilities of the Site Characterization and Analysis Penetrometer System (SCAPS). This effort, which was completed in 1998, produced a wide range of SCAPS sensors, samplers, and supporting technologies that allow SCAPS to detect, delineate, and map subsurface contaminants including petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL), toxic metals, explosives and energetic, volatile organic compounds (VOC), and radioactive wastes. This report describes the various SCAPS sensors developed as part of the SERDP-funded effort including laser induced fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, electrochemical sensor, biosensor, and spectral gamma probes. In addition, the development and testing of cone-penetrometer based samplers, including thermal desorption and multiport samplers, are detailed. Results of laboratory evaluation and field validation studies are presented, and technology transfer accomplishments are described. Included in this report is a bibliography of technical papers, reports, presentations, and patents produced during the course of this project.
Offers thorough coverage of the remediation of soils contaminated by hazardous wastes, including materials, analytical techniques, cleanup design and methodology, characterization of geomedia, monitoring of contaminants in the subsurface, and waste containment. Cites specific case studies in hydrocarbon remediation that offer a concise overview of possible technological approaches.
The Second Annual Site Characterization and Analysis Penetrometer System (SCAPS) Sensor Development Workshop was held at the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, during August 29 and, 30, 1996. In attendance were researchers, managers, and SCAPS users representing the Army, Navy, Air Force, the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Workshop participants presented briefings on the status of their SCAPS-related sensor research, development, and demonstration efforts. Managers and users of SCAPS technologies participated in the briefings and discussions and described the needs and concerns from the users perspective. The Peer Review Panel evaluated the progress of the Tri-Service SCAPS sensor development project and presented recommendations for future work.
This book reports on developments in Proximal Soil Sensing (PSS) and high resolution digital soil mapping. PSS has become a multidisciplinary area of study that aims to develop field-based techniques for collecting information on the soil from close by, or within, the soil. Amongst others, PSS involves the use of optical, geophysical, electrochemical, mathematical and statistical methods. This volume, suitable for undergraduate course material and postgraduate research, brings together ideas and examples from those developing and using proximal sensors and high resolution digital soil maps for applications such as precision agriculture, soil contamination, archaeology, peri-urban design and high land-value applications, where there is a particular need for high spatial resolution information. The book in particular covers soil sensor sampling, proximal soil sensor development and use, sensor calibrations, prediction methods for large data sets, applications of proximal soil sensing, and high-resolution digital soil mapping. Key themes: soil sensor sampling – soil sensor calibrations – spatial prediction methods – reflectance spectroscopy – electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity – radar and gamma radiometrics – multi-sensor platforms – high resolution digital soil mapping - applications Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel is a scientist at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) of Australia. Alex McBratney is Pro-Dean and Professor of Soil Science in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia. Budiman Minasny is a Senior Research Fellow in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia.