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This book tells the story of changes in the social structure of Britain from 1900 to the mid 1980s. It incorporates and is a sequel to Trends in British Society since 1900, a compilation by a distinguishd group of social scientists at the University of Oxford, and the only comprehensive collection of British social statistics for the twentieth century as a whole.
For the past decade at least 25% of the UK population and 30% of children have been in poverty by internationally accepted measures, and the numbers keep rising. In The Rise and Fall of the British Welfare State, Pat Thane analyses the history of state welfare in Britain from 1900, and sheds light on its aims, achievements, and failings. Beginning with the poverty surveys of Booth and Rowntree, and the implementation of early welfare measures such as free school meals, Thane offers a vivid snapshot of social welfare in Britain c1900, and the growing demands for improved welfare provisions. Taking readers through the significant social reforms of the First and Second World Wars, the making of the modern welfare state 1945-51, and its subsequent shifts due to rapidly evolving social policies. Thane ends with austerity and the COVID-19 pandemic, bringing the scholarship up to the present day, and drawing striking parallels with Britain c1900. By placing a major current issue within its historical context, Thane explores the shifting administration of the welfare state, and adjusts misconceptions about the implementation of social policy, particularly during the 1970s and 1980s. Thane offers readers a comprehensive study of British social measures during the 20th and 21st centuries, highlighting how and why poverty rates are rising once more, and examining how the future of social policy could enact greater change.
A pioneering study which has become an established classic in its field, Sex, Politics and Society provides a lucid and comprehensive analysis of the transformations of British sexual life from 1800 to the present. These changes are firmly located in the wider context of social change, from industrialization and the experience of Empire through the establishment of the welfare state to the rise of new social movements, such as feminism and gay liberation, and new forms of social conservatism. Now fully revised and updated, and with a new chapter bringing the story right up to date, this new edition considers: the transformation of the sexual world through globalization and the internet the changing impact of the AIDS pandemic over the last thirty years the influence of new currents in social and cultural theory on the study of sexuality the gradual depoliticization and mainstreaming of sexuality within historical study Combining rich empirical detail with innovative theoretical insights, Sex, Politics and Society remains at the cutting edge of the subject and this third edition will inspire and provoke a whole new generation of readers in history, sociology, social policy, and the study of sexuality.
This is a comprehensive bibliography of all printed books, articles and standard texts on England, Ireland, Scotland, the Commonwealth and the colonies up to 1970. This handbook will serve as a useful guide to scholars, teachers at all levels, advanced students, and the general reader interested in examining the period in some depth.
The Challenge of Labour (1980) explains the changing forms of labour’s relationship with British society during the period of 1850 to 1930 – as the economic and social relations of Britain, the pioneer of modern industrial development, were undergoing a profound transformation due to increasing pressure from foreign competitors. It looks at the importance of the forces of production in determining the character of the relationship, whilst regarding labour as a creative act, identifying man as a social animal. This important period gave rise to a unique symbiosis in terms of a mutually dependent but simultaneously antagonistic relationship, reflected in the growth of trade unionism, associations for working class ‘self-help’, and labourist political movements during the years 1850–70. The book goes on to explain why and how these forms of labour’s relationship with British society as a whole were subsequently to be transformed as they were affected by the changing direction of Britain’s economic development after the 1870s. This resulted in a recognisable ‘modern’ pattern of British social relations, marked by a growing acceptance of ‘corporatist’ solutions to problems of economic and social instability.
Integrating a variety of historical approaches and methods, Joanna Bourke looks at the construction of class within the intimate contexts of the body, the home, the marketplace, the locality and the nation to assess how the subjective identity of the 'working class' in Britain has been maintained through seventy years of radical social, cultural and economic change. She argues that class identity is essentially a social and cultural rather than an institutional or political phenomenon and therefore cannot be understood without constant reference to gender and ethnicity. Each self contained chapter consists of an essay of historical analysis, introducing students to the ways historians use evidence to understand change, as well as useful chronologies, statistics and tables, suggested topics for discussion, and selective further reading.
In 1970 the 'cold war' was still cold, Northern Ireland's troubles were escalating, the UK's relations with the EEC were unclear, and corporatist approaches to the economy precariously persisted. By 1990 Communism was crumbling world-wide, Thatcher's economic revolution had occurred, terrorism in Northern Ireland was waning, 'multi-culturalism' was in place, family structures were changing fast, and British political institutions had become controversial. Seven analytic chapters pursue these changes and accumulate rich detail on changes in international relations, landscape and townscape, social framework, family and welfare structures, economic policies and realities, intellect and culture, politics and government. The concluding chapter ranges chronologically even more widely to bring out the interaction of past and present, then asks how far the UK had by 1990 identified its world role. Like Harrison's Seeking a Role: The United Kingdom 1951-1970 (2009) - the immediately preceding volume in this series - Finding a Role? includes a full chronological table and an ample index of names and themes. This, the first thorough, wide-ranging, and synoptic study of the UK so far published on this period, has two overriding aims: to show how British institutions evolved, but also to illuminate changes in the British people: their hopes and fears, values and enjoyments, failures and achievements. It therefore equips its readers to understand events since 1990, and so to decide for themselves where the UK should now be going.