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This book constitutes the Proceedings of the conference 'Chemical Structures: The International Language of Chemistry' which was held at Leeuwenhorst Congress Centre, Noordwijkerhout in the Netherlands, between May 31 and June 4, 1987. The conference was jointly sponsored by the Chemical Structure Association, the American Chemical Society Division of Chemical Information, and the Chemical Information Groups of the Royal Society of Chemistry and the German Chemical Society. The purpose of the conference was to bring together experts and an international professional audience to discuss and to further basic and applied research and development in the processing, storage, retrieval and use of chemical structures, to focus international attention on the importance of chemical information and the vital research being carried out in chemical information science and to foster co-operation among major chemical information organisations in North America and Europe. Subjects covered included integrated in-house databases, substructure searching methodology, spectral databanks, new technologies (microcomputers, CD-ROM, parallel processing and expert systems) and chemical reactions. The keynote address was given by Mike Lynch of the University of Sheffield. In this, the opening chapter of the book, Mike discusses progress made in chemical information science in the last fifteen years and describes his own approach to research. In a plenary session, Myra Williams of Merck, Sharp and Dohme considered future trends from the point of view of the information manager and strategic planner in industry. She emphasises the need for integration, open architecture and a uniform user interface.
Natural and agro-ecosystems are frequently exposed to natural or synthetic substances, which, while they have no direct nutritional value or significance in metabolism, may negatively affect plant functioning. These, xenobiotics, may originate from both natural (fires, volcano eruptions, soil or rock erosion, biodegradation) and anthropogenic (air and soil pollution, herbicides) sources. And, while affected plants have only a limited number of possibilities for avoiding accumulation of these compounds, they do exhibit several enzymatic reactions for detoxification including oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and conjugation reactions. In agro-ecosystems in particular these mechanisms have great significance in relation to herbicide detoxification and tolerance. In this volume an international group of experts present an overview of the nature and distribution of organic xenobiotics, including their uptake, effects on plant functioning and detoxification mechanisms. The particular significance of glutathione S-transferases in bio-indication and bio-monitoring, and in the detoxification of volatile organic air pollutants and herbicides is evaluated, and their potential significance in phytoremediation and bioaccumulation will be discussed. This volume will be of interest to a wide audience, from graduate students to senior researchers in a wide range of disciplines including plant ecology, plant biochemistry, agriculture and environmental management. It will also be of practical interest to environmentalists, policy makers and resource managers.
In addition to presenting methodology, it shows how to identify accident vulnerability in the two industries. It reviews the causes of the two major nuclear accidents and many fatal accidents in the chemical industry, including Bhopal. Many examples of applications of PSA to both industries are presented."--BOOK JACKET. "Problems are included at the end of many chapters with answers at the back of the book."--Jacket.
In this collection from the working group meeting of November 2001, contributors formulate problems, share ideas and approaches, and plan an agenda for future interactions. Their fields included theoretical and applied computer science, statistics, discrete and non-discrete mathematics, chemistry and information science, and the topics centered on
This database provides a vast amount of information about potentially toxic chemicals to regulatory and research agencies, consultants, academics, and libraries. The National Toxicology Program's Chemical Database consists of eight volumes containing 50 fields that present detailed information on 2,270 different chemicals. The data is obtained from the literature or experimentally determined. Each compound is listed in every volume even when there is no information available for it in some volumes. Information in the NTP database was gathered and updated as compounds were used throughout a 12 year period from 1979 to 1991. Throughout the eight volumes, the primary chemical name and the Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CAS No.) remain constant and all 2,270 chemicals are listed alphabetically in each volume. The NTP database can be sold as a set or individually. Each volume consists of one 3-1/2" and two 5-1/4" diskettes , in addition to a 64 page manual that describes how to use the software. Diskettes will run on IBM® or IBM-compatible equipment with DOS 2.0 and higher, 640K internal memory (RAM), and a hard drive with at least 2-17MB of available disk space. Use the eight volumes together to get the full benefit of the NTP Chemical Repository Database, or select only those volumes that contain the information you need and use them as stand-alone databases. Each volume consists of one 3-1/2" and two 5-1/4" diskettes, that will run on IBM or IBM-compatible hardware!
In the twenty-first century Pharmacognosy was transformed into a molecular science building on classic botanical and modern chemical knowledge, leading to a better understanding of the complex molecular effect - structure relationships and interactions required for the development of new drugs based on biologically active plant substances.The work demonstrates the place of phytotherapy in healing, the role of herbs in complementary and traditional therapy, and research strategies for the development of drugs of natural plant origin.This book is primarily designed for scientific researchers, but is also very useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students in their professional training. As this book discusses herbs from all over the world, it is specifically drafted to be useful not only in Hungary and Europe, but also for people in other continents as an English language encyclopaedia of medicinal plants and their biologically active compounds.
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Highlights the key role played by taxonomy in the conservation and sustainable utilisation of plant biodiversity.