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Translational Urinomics provides an overview of urine analysis using proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics or any combination thereof for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases related to the urinary system and the kidneys. The text approaches urine biomarkers from a new perspective, incorporating up-to-date studies of mass-spectrometry-based biomarker discovery as well as the latest advances in personalized medicine. The integration of technology-driven techniques, such as OMICS also provides a unique opportunity for improved diagnostics accuracy of urinary-related diseases. For nephrologists and urologists looking for new approaches to well-known problems, this edited volume serves as a valuable guide.
Chemometrics: Data Treatment and Applications demonstrates the best practices for treating real-world analytical instrument data and how to apply chemometrics to this data. Rather than focusing on the mathematical theory involved in chemometrics, this book is meant for the industrial chemist, and academics and advanced students that want to use chemometrics in practice. Case studies on several applications are presented. Unlike existing literature, this book focuses on best practices, practical realities, and challenges when treating data, rather than on the mathematical theory. It also provides basic information on chemometrics, several chapters on how to treat, and the best practices used to treat, data from different analytical instruments, as well as case studies and uses of chemometrics in different fields. The book is written primarily for analytic chemists as practitioners in analytical laboratories and other industries. It will also be useful to academics and graduate, masters and postdoc students chiefly working in analytical chemistry who want to improve the practical aspects of their research activities. - Presents topical and important chapters for the most-used analytical instruments - Focuses on practical issues in the implementation of chemometrics - Examines advances in the application of chemometrics in several fields - Includes frank perspectives on what works well for the data of a certain analytical instrument given the multiple choices of mathematical models and protocols that can be applied - Covered protocols are heavily illustrated with case studies showing their potential use and the advances in chemometrics
Molecular biology operates at three levels – genes, proteins and metabolites. This book is unique in that it provides a comprehensive description of an approach (metabonomics) to characterise the endogenous metabolites in a living system, complementing gene and protein studies (genomics and proteomics). These "omics" methods form the basis for understanding biology at a systems level. The Handbook of Metabonomics and Metabolomics aims to be the definitive work on the rapidly expanding subjects of metabolic profiling, metabolite and biomarker identification, encompassing the fields of metabonomics and metabolomics. It covers the principles of the subject, the analytical and statistical techniques used and the wide variety of applications.* comprehensive description of an approach (metabonomics) to characterise the endogenous metabolites in a living system, complementing gene and protein studies* aims to be the definitive work on the rapidly expanding subjects of metabolic profiling, metabolite and biomarker identification* covers the principles of the subject, the analytical and statistical techniques used and the wide variety of applications.
In January of 2015, under the 1st International Caparica Conference in Antibiotic Resistance, a Research Topic entitled: “Surveying Antimicrobial Resistance: Approaches, Issues, and Challenges to overcome”, was published (http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/3763/surveying-antimicrobial-resistanceapproaches- issues-and-challenges-to-overcome). The problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), caused by excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics, is a public health issue that concerns us all. The introduction of penicillin in the 1940s, the start of the antibiotics era, has been recognized as one of the greatest advances in therapeutic medicine. However, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), AMR infections are now an increasing worldwide public health threat and a post-antibiotic era is imminent, where common infections and minor injuries could be fatal. AMR is a typical ‘One Health’ problem, in which livestock animals and the environment constitute AMR reservoirs and transmission routes to and from the human population. Without effective antimicrobials to counter and prevent infections, other major achievements in modern medicine, such as organ transplantation, cancer chemotherapy and major surgery, risk being compromised. AMR infections in animals have negative outcomes on animal health, welfare, biosecurity and production. In 2006, the ban of growth promoting antibiotics highlighted antibiotic use in animal production as a risk factor in the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Bacteria can be transferred to humans via several routes; consumption of animal products, exposure through contact with animals, and the contamination of ground and surface waters by animal waste products. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that antimicrobial use in animals is reduced to a minimum, without compromising animal health and welfare. Mechanisms of bacterial antibiotic resistance are classified according to the types of antibiotic molecules or their targets in the cell. Environmental antibiotic-resistance genes are spread then acquired by clinically relevant microorganisms. Many resistance genes are conveyed into pathogen genomes via mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, transposons or integrons, increasing the propagation of potential resistant pathogens. Substantial progress has already been made in elucidating the basic regulatory networks that endow bacteria with their extraordinary capacity to adapt to a diversity of lifestyles and external stress factors. So how will we face bacteria in the future?
Metabolomics for Biomedical Research brings together recent progress on study design, analytics, biostatistics and bioinformatics for the success of metabolomics research. Metabolomics represents a very interdisciplinary research prominent in the functional analyses of living systems; hence, this book focuses on translation and medical aspects. The book discusses topics such as biomarkers and their requirements to be used in medical research, with the parameters and approaches on how to validate their quality; and animal models and other approaches, as stem cells and organoid culture. Additionally, it explains how metabolomics may be applied in prediction of individual response to drug or disease progression. This book is a valuable source for researchers on systems biology and other members of biomedical field interested in metabolism-oriented studies for medical research.
This book is designed as a guide for management of advanced clinical scenarios encountered by the contemporary pelvic floor surgeon. It is organized by pelvic floor disorder (PFD) and covers the evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and pelvic organ prolapse. Opening chapters in each section cover the fundamentals of proper and comprehensive assessment of patient PFDs, as well as the treatment options that are available for each disorder. The book then focuses on more complex and challenging situations that are becoming more frequently encountered as the number of patients being treated for PFD increases and the length of patient follow-up grows. Each chapter finally includes an expert commentary to address these new scenarios and offers a shifted approach from that required for treatment-naïve patients. Female Pelvic Medicine: Challenging Cases with Expert Commentary teaches the reader how to approach the most difficult of clinical situations in a multidisciplinary fashion.
Research in veterinary science is critical for the health and well-being of animals, including humans. Food safety, emerging infectious diseases, the development of new therapies, and the possibility of bioterrorism are examples of issues addressed by veterinary science that have an impact on both human and animal health. However, there is a lack of scientists engaged in veterinary research. Too few veterinarians pursue research careers, and there is a shortage of facilities and funding for conducting research. This report identifies questions and issues that veterinary research can help to address, and discusses the scientific expertise and infrastructure needed to meet the most critical research needs. The report finds that there is an urgent need to provide adequate resources for investigators, training programs, and facilities involved in veterinary research.
Presents thorough coverage of the transport properties of ions in gases. Starts from first principles, making this book useful to those new to the field as well as to experts. Describes the motions of ions in gases in electric fields, methods for measuring mobilities and diffusion coefficients, and pitfalls in measuring these quantities. Provides a detailed development of the theory of transport processes in the context of the kinetic theory of gases. Includes relevant experimental techniques and an index to experimental data.