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The basic tenet here is that we do not translate words, but texts, and that these competing models can be integrated into a more global theory of translation by viewing the translation process as a primarily textual process. The authors examine in detail the characteristics that make a good translation a text, focusing particularly on the empirical relationship between the theory of translation and it's practice.
Text Analysis in Translation has become a classic in Translation Studies. Based on a functional approach to translation and endebted to pragmatic text linguistics, it suggests a model for translation-oriented source-text analysis applicable to all text types and genres independent of the language and culture pairs involved. Part 1 of the study presents the theoretical framework on which the model is based, and surveys the various concepts of translation theory and text linguistics. Part 2 describes the role and scope of source-text analysis in the translation process and explains why the model is relevant to translation. Part 3 presents a detailed study of the extratextual and intratextual factors and their interaction in the text, using numerous examples from all areas of professional translation. Part 4 discusses the applications of the model to translator training, placing particular emphasis on the selection of material for translation classes, grading the difficulty of translation tasks, and translation quality assessment. The book concludes with the practical analysis of a number of texts and their translations, taking into account various text types and several languages (German, English, Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Dutch).
Clear and accessible, this textbook provides a step-by-step guide to textual analysis for beginning translators and translation students. Covering a variety of text types, including business letters, recipes, and museum guides in six languages (Chinese, English, French, German, Russian, and Spanish), this book presents authentic, research-based materials to support translation among any of these languages. Translating Texts will provide beginning translators with greater text awareness, a critical skill for professional translators. Including discussions of the key theoretical texts underlying this text-centred approach to translation and sample rubrics for (self) assessment, this coursebook also provides easy instructions for creating additional corpora for other text types and in other languages. Ideal for both language-neutral and language-specific classroom settings, this is an essential text for undergraduate and graduate-level programs in modern languages and translation. Additional resources are available on the Routledge Translation Studies Portal: http://routledgetranslationstudiesportal.com
As translation plays an increasingly important role in industry, science, technology, commerce, politics and the international economy, the search for better, more informed methods of translation proceeds on a global scale. New, sometimes competing, models for describing translation are being developed and applied. These new models are interdisciplinary, borrowing concepts from linguistics, literary criticism, cognitive science, psychology, and sociology.
The notion of voice has been used in a number of ways within Translation Studies. Against the backdrop of these different uses, this book looks at the voices of translators, authors, publishers, editors and readers both in the translations themselves and in the texts that surround these translations. The various authors go on a hunt for translational agents’ voice imprints in a variety of textual and contextual material, such as literary and non-literary translations, book reviews, newspaper articles, academic texts and e-mails. While all stick to the principle of studying text and context together, the different contributions also demonstrate how specific textual and contextual circumstances require adapted methodological solutions, ending up in a collection that takes steps in a joint direction but that is at the same time complex and pluralistic. The book is intended for scholars and students of Translation Studies, Comparative Literature, and other disciplines within Language and Literature.
This book breaks new ground in translation theory and practice. The central question is: In what ways are translations affected by text types? The two main areas of investigation are: A. What are the advantages of focusing on text types when trying to understand the process of translation? How do translators tackle different text types in their daily practice? B. To what extent and in what areas are text types identical across languages and cultures? What similarities and dissimilarities can be observed in text types of original and translated texts?Part I deals with methodological aspects and offers a typology of translations both as product and as process. Part II is devoted to domain-specific texts in a cross-cultural perspective, while Part III is concerned with terminology and lexicon as well as the constraints of mode and medium involving dubbing and subtitling as translation methods. Sonnets, sagas, fairy tales, novels and feature films, sermons, political speeches, international treaties, instruction leaflets, business letters, academic lectures, academic articles, medical research articles, technical brochures and legal documents are but some of the texts under investigation. In sum, this volume provides a theoretical overview of major problems and possibilities as well as investigations into a variety of text types with practical suggestions that deserve to be weighted by anyone considering the relation between text typology and translation. The volume is indispensable for the translator in his/her efforts to become a “competent text-aware professional”.
After the many interdisciplinary perspectives on nonverbal communication offered by the author in his previous seven John Benjamins books, which have generated a wide range of scholarly applications, the present monograph is dominated by a very broad concept of translation. This treatment of translation includes theater and cinema (enriching our intellectual-sensorial experience of both 'reading act' and 'viewing act') and offers among other topics: sensorial-intellectual-emotional pre- and post-reading interactions with books; mute or audible 'oralization' of texts; the translator's linguistic and nonverbal-cultural fluency and implicit textual paralanguage and kinesics; translating functions of pictorial illustrations; the blind's text and film perception; the foreign reader's cultural background and circumstances; theater and cinema spectators' total sensory-intellectual experience of plays and films beyond staging or projection; the multiple interrelationships between cinema and theater performers, spectators and their environments, of special interest to all those involved in the theater; and the translator's challenging textual perception of sounds and movements. Over 800 literary quotations, and two virtually exhaustive English inventories of sound- and movement-denoting words with many examples, offer serious students of translation, language or literature a rich reference and drill source.
The key purpose of this work is to examine the interrelationship between the field of text linguistics and translation with specific reference to computer translation. The question arises whether machine translation can ever be a practicable and reliable substitute for human translators. Based on this premise, this study assesses the effectiveness of machine translation software in its ability to translate the nuances of text linguistics from a source language to a target language. Following a literature review of text linguistics covering a number of textual analysis models and translation studies including machine translation, the primary research utilises a qualitative research methodology by means of text-based assessment. Three text samples are drawn from each of the following six text linguistic categories: register, pragmatics, semiotics, text type, genre and discourse. Using three leading Arabic translation software programmes the text samples are subjected to a comparative evaluation.
Technical translation (and technical terminology) encompasses the translation of special language texts. 1. "Style and Register" covers clarity of style, culture-specific and author-reader conventions and expectation. 2. "Special Applications" deals with the contribution of translation to the dissemination of science. 3. "Training and Autodidactic Approaches for Technical Translators" translators must master a broad range of frequently unanticipated topics, as well as linguistic competence. 4. "Text Analysis and Text Typology as Tools for Technical Translators" focuses attention on text typology and SGML in human translation and CAT. 5. "Translation-Oriented Terminology Activities" explores the different aspects of terminology: knowledge management, language planning, terminology resources and representation of concept systems.
While the literature on either contrastive linguistics or discourse analysis has grown immensely in the last twenty years, very little of it has ventured into fusing the two perspectives. Bearing in mind that doing discourse analysis without a contrastive base is as incomplete as doing contrastive analysis without a discourse base, the specific aim of this book is to argue that translation can add depth and breadth to both contrastive linguistics as well as to discourse analysis. Authentic data from both spoken and written English is used throughout to add clarity to theoretical insights gained from the study of discourse processing. Each aspect of the model proposed for the analysis of texts is related separately to a problem of language processing and in domains as varied as translation, interpreting, language teaching etc. The global objectives pursued in this volume are the training of future linguists and the sensitization of users of language in general to the realities of discourse.