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This book provides a collection of reviews of some of the recent developments in nuclear physics research at intermediate energies from across the globe. It especially focuses on the most essential aspects, such as multifragmentation and associated phenomena in nuclear collisions, with the incident energy region between a few MeV and several hundreds of MeV/nucleon. The topic of the book—multifragmentation—was chosen based on the fact that all heavy-ion collisions revolve around a fragmenting system, which is also thought to have a link to phase transitions. One unique and valuable dimension of this book is that it has brought together the research of several experts working in the field of intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions in various renowned laboratories of the world. It provides a thorough review of the recent developments in various related phenomena, especially multifragmentation, observed at the intermediate-energy range, both theoretically and experimentally. It extensively discusses the concept of nuclear symmetry energy, which is important for the nuclear physics and astrophysics communities. In addition, the book identifies potential research directions and technologies that will drive future innovations. It will serve as a valuable reference for a larger audience, including students who wish to pursue a career in nuclear physics and astrophysics.
CRIS (Catania Relativistic Ion Studies) is a new series of Topical Conferences to be held at regular intervals in Catania or in its environs. Aim of the CRIS Conferences is to gather active researchers from several countries to discuss specific hot topics in the field of heavy ion physics.The first CRIS Conference, CRIS '96, has been devoted to “Critical Phenomena and Collective Observables”, a quite hot topic after the recent experimental evidences of a liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclei found by the EOS and ALADiN Collaborations and the progress made in the understanding of the relevance of collective observables, like flow and balance energy for the study of the Nuclear Equation of State.
These proceedings present the most recent progress made by Japanese and Italian researchers in the field of heavy ion physics. They cover both experimental and theoretical aspects from low energies (Tandem Van de Graaff accelerators) to medium energies (LINAC, Cyclotrons) up to relativistic energies (LHC at CERN).The majority of the experiments presented have been performed in the two largest Italian laboratories: LNL, Legnaro-Padova, with the Tandem + SC Linac (ALPI); LNS, Catania, with the Tandem + SC Cyclotron; and in one of the largest Japanese facilities: RIKEN, Saitama, with the Ring Cyclotron.The future Italian developments with relativistic heavy ions at LHC (CERN) are also presented, as well as experiments in collaboration with other laboratories, like JAERI, CNS (University of Tokyo), the Tandem Accelerator Center (Tsukuba), GANIL (France), and the Accelerator Laboratory in Munich, Germany.The highlights of the proceedings, and the area in which most experimental efforts are presently involved, are: research with radioactive ion beams at RIKEN with the RIPS separator; spectroscopy study at LNL with the GASP/EUROBALL 4πγ spectrometers; and intermediate energy hysics (deep inelastic, fragmentation) at LNS.Also presented are the future trends in Japan at RIKEN, RiBeam Factory, and JHP at KEK, and in Italy EXCYT at LNS and SPES at LNL. All these new developments are strongly connected with production and subsequent exploitation of radioactive ion beams, and offer a very promising, fertile future.