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This report covers studies of regenerating peripheral nerves and the effect such nerves exert on regenerative growth of the tissue innervated. The iron-transport protein transferrin is an absolute requirement for cell proliferation and is abundant in peripheral nerves. The hypothesis investigated here is that transferrin is delivered axonally and is involved in the nerve-dependent cell proliferation which characterizes repair in avascular tissues. Amphibian (axoloti) limb regeneration is a well characterized model system for nerve-dependent reparative growth and was used here in experiments testing the hypothesis. Results include demonstrations that transferrin is present in both axons and Schwann cells of peripheral nerves, that the concentration of this factor increases greatly during regeneration, that transferrin is transported distally in regenerating axons at the expected rate for last axonal transport in amphibians, and is released at the growing tips of such axons. Previous work has shown that when nerves to regenerating axolotl limbs are transected the concentration of transferrin in the distal limb tissue declines rapidly and limb regeneration stops. These results strongly support the hypothesis that neural transferrin is important in nerve-dependent growth during vertebrate limb regeneration. Studies of both transferrin binding and expression of the transferrin gene in cells of axolotl peripheral nerve indicate that both uptake and synthesis of this factor occur in the regenerating nerve. These results have important implications for understanding the trophic effect of nerves in tissue repair.
The regenerating vertebrate limb is an excellent model for exploring a number of significant questions in developmental biology. Written by leading investigators in the field, this collection provides a comprehensive discussion of the roles played by the major regulators affecting limb regeneration and repair following trauma. Using the amphibian limb as the recognized model system, the contributors explore in detail the contributions made by biopotentials, the skin, the endocrine system, and nerves in regulating such events as dedifferentiation, the proliferation of blastema cells , and pattern formation. The modulating roles of blood cells and the immune system are re-examined, and the exciting studies on the isolation and characterization of neurotropic factors reviewed. The sometimes provocative but always informative and up-to-date discussions provided in this volume will be of particular interest to developmental biologists, anatomists, neuroscientists, and cell biologists.
International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology--both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research. - Gene Expression during Amphibian Limb Regeneration - The Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry of Volvox - The Cell Biology of Basophils - Membrane Receptors for Endocytosis in the Renal Proximal Tubule
The regenerating vertebrate limb is an excellent model for exploring a number of significant questions in developmental biology. Written by leading investigators in the field, this collection provides a comprehensive discussion of the roles played by the major regulators affecting limb regeneration and repair following trauma. Using the amphibian limb as the recognized model system, the contributors explore in detail the contributions made by biopotentials, the skin, the endocrine system, and nerves in regulating such events as dedifferentiation, the proliferation of blastema cells , and pattern formation. The modulating roles of blood cells and the immune system are re-examined, and the exciting studies on the isolation and characterization of neurotropic factors reviewed. The sometimes provocative but always informative and up-to-date discussions provided in this volume will be of particular interest to developmental biologists, anatomists, neuroscientists, and cell biologists.
With the explosion of knowledge from molecular biology and the burgeoning interest in generating or regenerating tissues or organs through various bioengineering or stem cell approaches, many scientists and students have shown a renewed interest in the phenomenon of regeneration. Because relatively few have had the luxury of being able to approach the phenomenon of regeneration from a broad biological perspective, Dr. Carlson has produced a book that outlines the fundamental principles of regeneration biology. Subject matters focus principally on regeneration in vertebrate systems, but also invertebrate regeneration. In order to manipulate regenerative processes, it is important to understand the underlying principles of regeneration. Principles of Regnerative Biology is the key introductory reference for all developmental biologists, geneticists, and tissue and stem cell researchers. - Creates a general understanding of one of the most fascinating and complex phenomena in biology - Discusses the ability and diversity of regeneration in various organisms - Explains the history and origins of cells in regenerating systems - Includes information on stem cells and its important role in regeneration
The purpose of the book is to bring together in one place the different facets of regenerative biology and medicine while providing the reader with an overview of the basic and clinically-oriented research that is being done. Not only does the content cover a plethora tissues and systems, it also includes information about the developmental plasticity of adult stem cells and the regeneration of appendages.As part of its balanced presentation, Regenerative Biology and Medicine does address the biological/bioethical issues and challanges involved in the new and exciting field of regenerative biology and medicine. *Tissues covered include skin, hair, teeth, cornea, and central neural types*Systems presented are digestive, respiratory, urogenital, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular*Includes amphibians as powerful research models*Discusses appendage regeneration in amphibians and mammals