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This publication sets out an analysis of social policies in Arab countries, and other countries at different stages of development (including Canada and Norway, Malaysia and Tunisia) selected for comparative purposes, in order to identify effective integrated policy approaches. Issues discussed include: the meaning of social policy and societal development; social policy in the context of values, ideologies and structures; specific issues such as economic and political development, poverty and inequality, education and health, the status of women and environmental issues; and policy models.
The Arab Spring and recent popular uprisings that have taken place in many Arab countries since the end of 2010 highlight the urgent need for economic policy reorientation in these countries. This book addresses key issues relevant to the contemporary economic realities of the Arab economies; including policy space, generation of more productive and decent employment, social justice and poverty alleviation, regional integration and the common destiny of the Arab people, and the failure of the structural adjustment programs recommended by the Bretton Woods institutions and implemented in these countries in the last three decades. The volume explores, and makes recommendations, for deep pan Arab regional integration and alternative pro-poor, growth-oriented economic and trade policies capable of promoting social justice by reducing the incidence of poverty. It highlights the ways in which various types of economic and trade policies have affected the levels of employment and poverty in five Arab countries: Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, the occupied Palestinian territory and Sudan. Using a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the book focuses on Arab trade integration, exploring the obstacles to its implementation in the past, as well as its potentials as a source of employment generation and enhancement of living conditions. The book also addresses the construction, interpretation and use of quantitative trade indicators for optimal policy choice at both the domestic and regional levels.
This study provides an overview of the development of social policy through the institutional form of the welfare state, focusing on the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland and the US in order to outline the Anglo-Saxon liberal-democratic model. It reviews the internationalization of social policy through non-state actors during the austere 1980s and the proliferation of the liberal-democratic model through this process, and assesses responses to internationalization in terms of the challenges facing social policy formation, namely globalization, post-industrialism and changes in family structures and gender relations. The study is divided into four chapters, the first of which outlines the development and evolution of the liberal welfare state, focusing on the United Kingdom and the United States. Chapter two analyzes the development of this model and the impact of its implementation through international agencies such as the World Bank and IMF. It draws a contrast between the conventional methodologies and practices of these agencies and more recent socially responsive approaches that address social and economic development in tandem. Chapter three goes on to examine the globalization of social policy, the limits of international principles and agencies and the abilities of nation states to formulate cohesive and implementable strategies. Chapter four wraps up by reviewing some of the lessons to be learned from the models discussed in earlier chapters and briefly traces a number of the challenges facing various ESCWA countries today.--Publisher's description.
This volume, first published in 1988, is the result of a major research project, the most important inquiry into the fundamental political structure of the Arab world. It is often argued that Arab states are arbitrary political creations that lack historical or present legitimacy and are unable to relate to each other in a productive way. It is further suggested that the demise of pan-Arabism merely underlines the inability of individual Arab states to integrate either domestically or internationally. This book, Volume Four in the Nation, State and Integration in the Arab World research project carried out by the Istituto Affari Internazionali, sets out to answer the questions of Arab integration, with articles from a wide range of contributors from around the world.
Describes and analyzes critical aspects of the labor market and social protection in the Arab world
From the unification of North and South Yemen, to the struggle for Mahgreb unity, and the experiences of the six-member Gulf Cooperation Council, this book presents a complex portrait of the history and prospects for Arab integration.