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This book identifies accumulated environmental, social and economic effects of oil and gas leasing, exploration, and production on Alaska's North Slope. Economic benefits to the region have been accompanied by effects of the roads, infrastructure and activies of oil and gas production on the terrain, plants, animals and peoples of the North Slope. While attempts by the oil industry and regulatory agencies have reduced many of the environmental effects, they have not been eliminated. The book makes recommendations for further environmental research related to environmental effects.
"In response to the request from Congress, the National Academies established the Committee on Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska's North Slope, which prepared this report. The committee was directed to review information about oil and gas activities (including cleanup efforts) on the North Slope and, based on its review, to assess the known and probable cumulative impacts of such activities on the physical, biotic, and human environments of the region and its adjacent marine environment."--Page 1-2.
Environmental Analysis reviews information gathered during NEPA assessments, summarizes the state of the art in methods and approaches, and defines future opportunities and new approaches required to link high-quality science to the decision-making process. Individual chapters address the process itself, present examples of recent experience with ecological impact assessment, evaluate social impact assessment and the important role the public must play, discuss the difficult challenge of assessing cumulative effects of multiple impacts, consider the regional and global implications of NEPA, and examine the important role of follow-up studies in the process. The authors of the 59 individual papers comprising this book represent the major sectors that have been key participants in the decision-making process from the beginning. These sectors include academia, national laboratories, federal agencies, state agencies, private industry, and foreign nations. Environmental Analysis will be interesting reading for environmental scientists, engineers, policy makers, and lawyers in government and academia; private consultants; and non-government environmental organizations.
This study reviews current practices for identifying and assessing cumulative effects in order to formulate recommendations that the Canadian Environmental Assessment Research Council (CEARC) may use in drafting a research prospectus. A preliminary analytical framework for assessing CEA is presented, and 3 case studies documenting Canadian experience with assessing and managing cumulative effects are examined.