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The perception of time is crucial for everyday activities from the sleep–wake cycle to playing and appreciating music, verbal communication, to the determination of the value of a particular behavior. With regard to the last point, making decisions is heavily influenced by the duration of the various options, the duration of the expected delays for receiving the options, and the time constraints for making a choice. Recent advances suggest that the brain represents time in a distributed manner and reflects time as a result of temporal changes in network states and/or by the coincidence detection of the phase of different neural populations. Moreover, intrinsic oscillatory properties of neural circuits could determine timed motor responses. This Research Topic, partly an emergence of a Satellite EBBS meeting sponsored by the COST-Action TIMELY, will discuss how time in the physical world is reconstructed, distorted and modified in brain networks by emotion, learning and neuropathology. This Research Topic on Timing contains up-to-date reviews regarding the relationship between time and decision-making with respect to the underlying psychological and physiological mechanisms responsible for anticipation and evaluation processes.
Neuronal communication forms the basis for all behavior, from the smallest movement to our grandest thought processes. Among the many mechanisms that support these functions, spike timing is among the most powerful and—until recently—perhaps the least studied. In the last two decades, however, the study of spike timing has exploded. The heightened interest is due to several factors. These include the development of physiological tools for measuring the activity of neural ensembles and analytical tools for assessing and characterizing spike timing. These advances are coupled with a growing appreciation of spike timing’s theoretical importance for the design principles of the brain. Spike Timing: Mechanisms and Function examines the function of spike timing in sensory, motor, and integrative processes, providing readers with a broad perspective on how spike timing is produced and used by the nervous system. It brings together the work and ideas of leaders in the field to address current thinking as well as future possibilities. The first section of the book describes the foundation for quantitative analysis and theory. It examines the information contained in spike timing, how it can be quantified, and how neural systems can extract it. The second section explores how input-output relationships are reflected in spike timing across a range of sensory systems. Drawing together multiple perspectives, including theoretical and computational studies as well as experimental studies in a range of model systems, the book provides a firm background for investigators to consider spike timing as it applies to their own work. It also offers a glimpse of future advances related to mechanisms of spike timing and its role in neural function, such as the development of novel computational technologies.
The first book to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject rather than a collection of papers. The author is a recognized authority in the field as well as an outstanding teacher lauded for his ability to convey these concepts clearly to many different audiences. A handy reference for practitioners in the field.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets, ICATPN 2004, held in Bologna, Italy in June 2004. The 19 revised full regular papers and 5 revised tool presentation papers presented together with 6 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. All current issues on research and development in the area of Petri nets are addressed, in particular concurrent systems design and analysis, modular systems development, formal specification, model validation, model checking, workflow management, flow charts, networking, formal methods in software engineering, etc.