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A quasi-objective method for deriving 500-mb geopotential heights with the aid of satellite cloud observations is presented. The method uses satellite-observed cloud patterns in conjunction with a forecast 500-mb height field which is separated into additive short- and long-wave component fields. Empirical relationships between the cloud patterns and the short-wave component field are used to modify the pattern of the latter, and regression equations are used to specify extrema values. The 500-mb heights are retrieved by the direct addition of the modified short-wavelength field to the long-wavelength field. Procedures for using this method operationally are presented, and results of real-time modifications can contribute to significant improvements in the analysis.
"A comparison is made between zonal cross-sections of meteorological parameters obtained from Nimbus-5 radiance measurements and those observed by radiosondes during the Air Mass Transformation Experiment (AMTEX) during February 1974."--p.1.
A technique is developed and evaluated for using wind observations through application of the balance equation to improve the accuracy of objective height analysis in regions between height observations to provide reliable reference heights for satellite derived soundings. At upper levels (near 300 mb), numerous aircraft winds and satellite observed cloud vector winds are available for this purpose. In regions of moderate size, where the height analysis is determined primarily by winds and where the winds are deemed sufficiently dense and accurate, the technique produces interpolated height values with an estimated rms error of 30 m or less 80 to 85% of the time. Where these conditions are met it is concluded that the technique provides reliable reference heights.