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The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Coverage of the Finite Element Analysis and Modeling of Antennas and Arrays Aimed at researchers as well as practical engineers—and packed with over 200 illustrations including twenty-two color plates—Finite Element Analysis of Antennas and Arrays presents: Time- and frequency-domain formulations and mesh truncation techniques Antenna source modeling and parameter calculation Modeling of complex materials and fine geometrical details Analysis and modeling of narrowband and broadband antennas Analysis and modeling of infinite and finite phased-array antennas Analysis and modeling of antenna and platform interactions Recognizing the strengths of other numerical methods, this book goes beyond the finite element method and covers hybrid techniques that combine the finite element method with the finite difference time-domain method, the method of moments, and the high-frequency asymptotic methods to efficiently deal with a variety of complex antenna problems. Complemented with numerous examples, this cutting-edge resource fully demonstrates the power and capabilities of the finite element analysis and its many practical applications.
In recent years, transmitarray antennas have attracted growing interest with many antenna researchers. Transmitarrays combines both optical and antenna array theory, leading to a low profile design with high gain, high radiation efficiency, and versatile radiation performance for many wireless communication systems. In this book, comprehensive analysis, new methodologies, and novel designs of transmitarray antennas are presented. Detailed analysis for the design of planar space-fed array antennas is presented. The basics of aperture field distribution and the analysis of the array elements are described. The radiation performances (directivity and gain) are discussed using array theory approach, and the impacts of element phase errors are demonstrated. The performance of transmitarray design using multilayer frequency selective surfaces (M-FSS) approach is carefully studied, and the transmission phase limit which are generally independent from the selection of a specific element shape is revealed. The maximum transmission phase range is determined based on the number of layers, substrate permittivity, and the separations between layers. In order to reduce the transmitarray design complexity and cost, three different methods have been investigated. As a result, one design is performed using quad-layer cross-slot elements with no dielectric material and another using triple-layer spiral dipole elements. Both designs were fabricated and tested at X-Band for deep space communications. Furthermore, the radiation pattern characteristics were studied under different feed polarization conditions and oblique angles of incident field from the feed. New design methodologies are proposed to improve the bandwidth of transmitarray antennas through the control of the transmission phase range of the elements. These design techniques are validated through the fabrication and testing of two quad-layer transmitarray antennas at Ku-band. A single-feed quad-beam transmitarray antenna with 50 degrees elevation separation between the beams is investigated, designed, fabricated, and tested at Ku-band. In summary, various challenges in the analysis and design of transmitarray antennas are addressed in this book. New methodologies to improve the bandwidth of transmitarray antennas have been demonstrated. Several prototypes have been fabricated and tested, demonstrating the desirable features and potential new applications of transmitarray antennas.
This report summarizes our research effort on the development of higher-order hybrid finite element techniques that are capable of simulating large array antennas embedded in inhomogeneous media. The effort led to the development of a suite of FEM-based simulation tools to deal with a variety of array antennas, which include (i) infinitely large periodic phased arrays, (ii) array antennas that are finite in one dimension and infinitely periodic in the other dimension, (iii) finite array antennas with arbitrary array elements, and (iv) conformal array antennas mounted on a large complex platform. The simulation techniques have the following important characteristics: (i) higher-order geometrical modeling, (ii) higher-order field discretization, (iii) hybridization with surface integral equations using fast algorithms, (iv) a highly effective preconditioner, and (v) accurate antenna feed modeling.
This book provides a brief overview of the popular Finite Element Method (FEM) and its hybrid versions for electromagnetics with applications to radar scattering, antennas and arrays, guided structures, microwave components, frequency selective surfaces, periodic media, and RF materials characterizations and related topics. It starts by presenting concepts based on Hilbert and Sobolev spaces as well as Curl and Divergence spaces for generating matrices, useful in all engineering simulation methods. It then proceeds to present applications of the finite element and finite element-boundary integral methods for scattering and radiation. Applications to periodic media, metamaterials and bandgap structures are also included. The hybrid volume integral equation method for high contrast dielectrics and is presented for the first time. Another unique feature of the book is the inclusion of design optimization techniques and their integration within commercial numerical analysis packages for shape and material design. To aid the reader with the method's utility, an entire chapter is devoted to two-dimensional problems. The book can be considered as an update on the latest developments since the publication of our earlier book (Finite Element Method for Electromagnetics, IEEE Press, 1998). The latter is certainly complementary companion to this one.
This book provides a brief overview of the popular Finite Element Method (FEM) and its hybrid versions for electromagnetics with applications to radar scattering, antennas and arrays, guided structures, microwave components, frequency selective surfaces, periodic media, and RF materials characterizations and related topics. It starts by presenting concepts based on Hilbert and Sobolev spaces as well as Curl and Divergence spaces for generating matrices, useful in all engineering simulation methods. It then proceeds to present applications of the finite element and finite element-boundary integral methods for scattering and radiation. Applications to periodic media, metamaterials and bandgap structures are also included. The hybrid volume integral equation method for high contrast dielectrics and is presented for the first time. Another unique feature of the book is the inclusion of design optimization techniques and their integration within commercial numerical analysis packages for shape and material design. To aid the reader with the method's utility, an entire chapter is devoted to two-dimensional problems. The book can be considered as an update on the latest developments since the publication of our earlier book (Finite Element Method for Electromagnetics, IEEE Press, 1998). The latter is certainly complementary companion to this one.
The most up-to-date, comprehensive treatment of classical and modern antennas and their related technologies Modern Antenna Handbook represents the most current and complete thinking in the field of antennas. The handbook is edited by one of the most recognizable, prominent, and prolific authors, educators, and researchers on antennas and electromagnetics. Each chapter is authored by one or more leading international experts and includes cover-age of current and future antenna-related technology. The information is of a practical nature and is intended to be useful for researchers as well as practicing engineers. From the fundamental parameters of antennas to antennas for mobile wireless communications and medical applications, Modern Antenna Handbook covers everything professional engineers, consultants, researchers, and students need to know about the recent developments and the future direction of this fast-paced field. In addition to antenna topics, the handbook also covers modern technologies such as metamaterials, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), frequency selective surfaces (FSS), and radar cross sections (RCS) and their applications to antennas, while five chapters are devoted to advanced numerical/computational methods targeted primarily for the analysis and design of antennas.
This book focuses on practical computational electrodynamics, guiding the reader step-by-step through the modeling process from the initial "what question must the model answer?", through the setting up of a computer model, to post processing, validation and optimization. The book offers a realistic view of the capabilities and limits of current 3-D field simulators and how to apply this knowledge efficiently to EM analysis and design of RF applications in modern communication systems.
Reviews the fundamental concepts behind the theory and computation of electromagnetic fields The book is divided in two parts. The first part covers both fundamental theories (such as vector analysis, Maxwell’s equations, boundary condition, and transmission line theory) and advanced topics (such as wave transformation, addition theorems, and fields in layered media) in order to benefit students at all levels. The second part of the book covers the major computational methods for numerical analysis of electromagnetic fields for engineering applications. These methods include the three fundamental approaches for numerical analysis of electromagnetic fields: the finite difference method (the finite difference time-domain method in particular), the finite element method, and the integral equation-based moment method. The second part also examines fast algorithms for solving integral equations and hybrid techniques that combine different numerical methods to seek more efficient solutions of complicated electromagnetic problems. Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields, Second Edition: Provides the foundation necessary for graduate students to learn and understand more advanced topics Discusses electromagnetic analysis in rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinates Covers computational electromagnetics in both frequency and time domains Includes new and updated homework problems and examples Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields, Second Edition is written for advanced undergraduate and graduate level electrical engineering students. This book can also be used as a reference for professional engineers interested in learning about analysis and computation skills.
This new resource covers the latest developments in computational electromagnetic methods, with emphasis on cutting-edge applications. This book is designed to extend existing literature to the latest development in computational electromagnetic methods, which are of interest to readers in both academic and industrial areas. The topics include advanced techniques in MoM, FEM and FDTD, spectral domain method, GPU and Phi hardware acceleration, metamaterials, frequency and time domain integral equations, and statistics methods in bio-electromagnetics.