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Pulse Code Modulation Techniques brings together the theory and practice of PCM at the physical layer, where the "bits meet the silicon", so to speak. The key topics of symbol encoding, detection and synchronization are discussed, in detail, both from a theoretical and a practical standpoint. Topics which have been largely absent in text books, such as multiplexing, formatting and format synchronization, are also considered. Although PCM evolved as a communication technology, it has become an important technology in data recording. In a sense, magnetic or optical media are just specialized communication media and the key technologies discussed in this book are just as important to recording applications as to communications. PCM codes used for magnetic recording applications are discussed along with traditional communication codes. The design, analysis and implementation of a PCM system requires knowledge of very specific techniques associated with detection, synchronization and coding. The techniques have evolved from both ad hoc methods and complex theory. One of the goals of this book is to bridge the gap between theory and practice in the key techniques. Matched filters are not only discussed theoretically, but means for implementing them are also considered. The same is true with symbol synchronization.
Advances in audio data compression are largely driven by the need to conserve transmission rate or bandwidth, while maintaining the ability to accurately reconstruct the signal at the receiver. This report examines data compression methods with an emphasis on techniques for the compression of audio data. An overview of data compression schemes is presented to provide the background for a performance comparison between selected versions of data compression systems featuring adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) schemes. Two different types of data compression systems are investigated; IIR and FIR impulse implementations. A modification to the basic ADPCM system using a modular function is implemented. The modular operation results in a smaller size codebook and prevents data expansion when the source is not matched to the code. This modification is utilized for both types of ADPCM coders compared. To complete the compression system Huffman coding, is employed to encode and decode the compressed data to and from binary form.
Development of automated test equipment for an advanced telemetry system requires continuous monitoring of PCM data while exercising telemetry inputs. This requirements leads to a large amount of data that needs to be stored and later analyzed. For example, a data stream of 4 Mbits/s and a test time of thirty minutes would yield 900 Mbytes of raw data. With this raw data, information needs to be stored to correlate the raw data to the test stimulus. This leads to a total of 1.8 Gb of data to be stored and analyzed. There is no method to analyze this amount of data in a reasonable time. A data compression method is needed to reduce the amount of data collected to a reasonable amount. The solution to the problem was data reduction. Data reduction was accomplished by real time limit checking, time stamping, and smart software. Limit checking was accomplished by an eight state finite state machine and four compression algorithms. Time stamping was needed to correlate stimulus to the appropriate output for data reconstruction. The software was written in the C programming language with a DOS extender used to allow it to run in extended mode. A 94--98% compression in the amount of data gathered was accomplished using this method. 1 fig.
Read this book cover to cover to strengthen your overall knowledge of Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) systems design, or use it as a time-saving desktop reference to answer specific design questions. Authored by a well-known expert in the field, this book identifies and describes the various types of PCM systems in use today, shows you how PCM is utilized in a wide variety of applications, and provides you with the technical knowledge you need to engineer, design, and analyze a PCM system.