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An experimental investigation was carried out to determine the thermodynamics and fluid mechanics of the pipe flow of magnetic fluids. A water-based magnetic fluid was synthesized in the laboratory and its relative viscosity and magnetic properties were determined as a function of temperature. A "thermomagnetic pump" was built and tested in which temperature differences caused the magnetic fluid to circulate through a loop when subjected to a magnetic field. In a conceptual study, the pumping capabilities of such a flow circulation were considered for a thermal rejection system application. Pumping capabilities were observed to be directly related to the slope of the pyromagnetic curve. The sensitivity of the fluid was enhanced by the addition of zinc, manganese, and cobalt compounds. Fluid properties and flow parameters, including viscosity, magnetization, velocity, pressure, and temperature, were determined. A theoretical analysis was conducted for the prediction of values and analysis of the nature of the magnetic body forces induced in a magnetic fluid in the presence of heat and magnetic fields. A technique is introduced for the prediction of the maximum pressure difference that a "thermomagnetic pump" could produce. The advantages of a thermomagnetic pump are that it is noise free and reliable due to the absence of moving parts and control devices. At present, however, the flow rates generated by such a system are small and much research and development is needed for practical applications.
This book contains primary information on the structure and properties of magnetic fluids, a new promising technological material. The simplest mathematical models of the mechanics, thermodynamics and electrodynamics of magnetic fluids are discussed. Special emphasis is made of certain physical concepts which can help the reader study original works. The book is written by specialists who have made a considerable contribution to the development of the theory and practical application of magnetic fluids in engineering. As for its contents, level, and form of presentation, the book is intended for a wide range of readers.
Research into the fascinating properties and applications of magnetic fluids - also called ferrofluids - is rapidly growing, making it necessary to provide, at regular intervals, a coherent and tutorial account of the combined theoretical and experimental advances in the field. This volume is an outgrow of seven years of research by some 30 interdisciplinary groups of scientists: theoretical physicists describing the behaviour of such complex fluids, chemical engineers synthesizing nanosize magnetic particles, experimentalist measuring the fluid properties and mechanical engineers exploring the many applications such fluids offer, in turn providing application-guided feedback to the modellers and requests for the preparation of new fluid types to chemists, in particular those providing optimum response to given magnetic field configurations. Moreover, recent developments towards biomedical applications widens this spectrum to include medicine and pharmacology. Consisting of six large chapters on synthesis and characterization, thermo- and electrodynamics, surface instabilities, structure and rheology, biomedical applications as well as engineering and technical applications, this work is both a unique source of reference for anyone working in the field and a suitable introduction for newcomers to the field.