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The Sawaba movement and its rebellion in Niger are a totally neglected subject. Klaas van Walraven traces this story from a social history perspective, placing an entire generation of activists, removed from the official record, back into mainstream Nigérien history. Representing a genuine social movement, Sawaba formed Niger’s first autonomous government under French suzerainty. Overthrown by the Gaullists and persecuted, it attempted a comeback with a guerrilla campaign (1960-1966), which ended in failure and led to the movement’s destruction. The Yearning for Relief – based on numerous interviews with survivors and a vast range of archival sources, including France’s secret service – is essential reading for the reappraisal of Niger’s history and the role of militant nationalist movements in the decolonisation of French West Africa.
Since the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s, Indonesia has undergone a radical program of administrative decentralization and neoliberal reforms. In Methods of Desire, author Aurora Donzelli explores these changes through an innovative perspective—one that locates the production of neoliberalism in novel patterns of language use and new styles of affect display. Building on almost two decades of fieldwork, Donzelli describes how the growing influence of transnational lending agencies is transforming the ways in which people desire and voice their expectations, intentions, and entitlements within the emergent participatory democracy and restructuring of Indonesia’s political economy. She argues that a largely overlooked aspect of the Era Reformasi concerns the transition from a moral regime centered on the expectation that desires should remain hidden to a new emphasis on the public expression of individuals’ aspirations. The book examines how the large-scale institutional transformations that followed the collapse of the Suharto regime have impacted people’s lives and imaginations in the relatively remote and primarily rural Toraja highlands of Sulawesi. A novel concept of the individual as a bundle of audible and measurable desires has emerged, one that contrasts with the deep-rooted reticence toward the expression of personal preferences. The spreading of foreign discursive genres such as customer satisfaction surveys, training sessions, electoral mission statements, and fundraising auctions, and the diffusion of new textual artifacts such as checklists, flowcharts, and workflow diagrams are producing forms of citizenship, political participation, and moral agency that contrast with the longstanding epistemologies of secrecy typical of local styles of knowledge and power. Donzelli’s long-term ethnographic study examines how these foreign protocols are being received, absorbed, and readapted in a peripheral community of the Indonesian archipelago. Combining a telescopic perspective on our contemporary moment with a microscopic analysis of conversational practices, the author argues that the managerial forms of political rationality and the entrepreneurial morality underwriting neoliberal apparatuses proliferate through the working of small cogs, that is, acts of speech. By examining these concrete communicative exchanges, she sheds light on both the coherence and inconsistency underlying the worldwide diffusion of market logic to all domains of life.
From Slavery to Aid engages two major themes in African historiography, the slow death of slavery and the evolution of international development, and reveals their interrelation in the social history of the region of Ader in the Nigerien Sahel. Benedetta Rossi traces the historical transformations that turned a society where slavery was a fundamental institution into one governed by the goals and methods of 'aid'. Over an impressive sweep of time - from the pre-colonial power of the Caliphate of Sokoto to the aid-driven governments of the present - this study explores the problem that has remained the central conundrum throughout Ader's history: how workers could meet subsistence needs and employers fulfil recruitment requirements in an area where natural resources are constantly exposed to the climatic hazards characteristic of the edge of the Sahara.
An internationally recognized expert on behavior change presents a revolutionary approach to personal improvement that converts scientifically proven techniques into a ninety-day plan with five simple steps.
The best introduction for the general reader to Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit.
In the ancient account of Job, witness a story of unimaginable suffering, relentless questioning, and unwavering faith. Job, a righteous and prosperous man, faces a series of inexplicable tragedies that shatter his life and test the limits of his faith. As he grapples with the depths of despair and the weight of existential questions, Job's journey explores the human condition and the nature of suffering. Amidst heated debates and challenging dialogues with his friends, Job wrestles with the age-old question: Why do the righteous suffer? Through his relentless pursuit of answers and unyielding trust in God, Job embarks on a profound spiritual journey that challenges the boundaries of his faith and reshapes his understanding of the divine. Through the pages of this book, experience the raw emotions, the gripping dialogues, and the profound insights that emerge from Job's tumultuous journey. Be captivated by the timeless themes of suffering, wisdom, and the mysteries of God's ways. Ultimately, witness the transformation of a man who emerges through the crucible of suffering with a deeper understanding of God's sovereignty and a renewed sense of hope. This book is a timeless exploration of the human experience, inviting readers to reflect on their own lives, grapple with the complexities of suffering, and find solace in the assurance that faith and resilience can prevail even in the darkest moments. Journey alongside Job as he navigates the depths of despair and emerges with a newfound understanding of life's deepest mysteries.
The Nine Freedoms is not just another book—it is a Mission of Truth given to mortal man so that he may climb the nine steps to—Living Immortality. It is the first Metaphysical text book which clearly outlines the exact path through Evolution which man must take in order to become God-man. This book will give all who read it the major steps towards attainment of the wonderful state of Cosmic Consciousness, then later explain how to pass through the most elevated state possible to man upon Earth, that of—Ascension. Yet, The Nine Freedoms does not stop here! It goes even further than the Bible, the Baghavad-Gita, or the Buddhist conception of Nirvana. For within these pages, the sacred wisdom, kept from man since his inception upon Earth, is now given, revealing the way in which he will eventually attain the glorious state of—Interplanetary Existence. The book consists of a mystical text of profound philosophical and occult significance and a searching commentary on the most important parts of this text. The soul of this book is the Text, which was delivered as 9 consecutive Transmissions by a prominent Master of unquestionable Cosmic Status. The body of this book is made up of the commentary written as a series of carefully thought out essays which reveal the profound Truths contained within the words of the unique Text. As the body of man is a physical reflection of his soul, so are the commentaries a reflection and readily understandable simplification of the all-embracing jewels of Wisdom which form the Mystical Text. As the pages of The Nine Freedoms are turned, the reader becomes aware that he is being taken on the longest, the most dramatic, most important journey of all—the voyage across the nine seas of his Evolution. Here, for the first time in history, the passage through the classrooms of Earth to glorious worlds of lasting achievement beyond—is laid out in intimate detail. The same profound effect which was experienced by those serious, Metaphysical student already exposed to a series of lectures on The Nine Freedoms, will be enjoyed by every reader, especially as no one will read this book by chance. The individual Karmic pattern of every student of this text book has determined that he shall be given the Divine opportunity of an Initiation into Truths never before revealed to mankind.