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Elizabeth Colson is a giant of twentieth and twenty-first century social science scholarship. For sixty years (beginning in 1946), she has carried out regular and intensive anthropological research amongst one of central Africa's most important ethnic groups, the Tonga of Zambia and Zimbabwe. She is the author of an astonishing number of books and articles concerning virtually every aspect of Tonga life, including religion, law, marriage, education, and the impact of relocation. Colson has made important theoretical and comparative contributions as well. She has inspired, encouraged, and greatly influenced three generations of scholars studying the Tonga. Fourteen of those scholars, from disciplines including social and physical anthropology, history, political science, and education have contributed essays for this volume. In addition, Colson has written a concluding essay for this work in which she gives her reflections on her own and others' scholarship. This work sheds light on the Tonga's pre-colonial past; colonial transformations; religious and political life; gender relations; growing up and growing old; the consequences of resettlement; and much more. It is a major contribution to several strains of African studies.
A multitude of scholars have visited Tonga communities. They have come from different countries, worked at different times, had different disciplinary interests and theoretical agenda and published in different places. Many of these scholars have been the products of Zambian and Zimbabwean universities. The research presented in this volume gives some idea of the rich knowledge now available on the Tonga - a people remarkable for their egalitarian ethos, practice of participatory democracy and willingness to experiment with new possibilities.
The religious life of the Tonga-speaking peoples of southern Zambia is examined over the last century, in the sense of how they have thought about the nature of their world, the meaning of their own lives, and the sources of good and evil in which their cosmology and society have been transformed. The twelve chapters cover Time, Space and Language; Basic Themes, Tonga Religious Vocabulary and its Referents; the Vocabulary of Shrines and Substance; Homestead and Bush; Ritual Communities and Actors; Rituals of the Life Course; Death and its Rituals; Evil and Witchcraft; and Christianity and Tonga Experience. The author has drawn on dairies by research assistants, and field notes and research of fellow anthropologists, but above all from her own interaction with Tonga people since 1946. The older people gave first hand memories of Ndebele and Lozi raids, David Linvingstone encamped near their villages in 1856 and 1862, the arrival of colonial administrators, traders, missionaries and European and Indian settlers, and in some cases, the end of colonial rule. Their experience and that of their children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren provides the basis for understanding Tonga religious experience. Elizabeth Colson is an American anthropologist who is widely published on the Tonga. Her research interests have particularly concentrated on the Gwembe Valley.
Based on extensive original fieldwork, this book examines the complex and diverse livelihoods of Zimbabwe’s Tonga people as they have developed over time, including in the wake of the country’s post- 2000 political and economic crises. Despite being endowed with natural resources, the northwest region of Zimbabwe inhabited by the Tonga people is one of the most marginalised and underdeveloped parts of the country, neglected by both colonial and postcolonial governments. The Tonga- speaking people are a minority ethnic group that settled on either side of the Zambezi River around 1100 AD and remain deeply dependent on the river for their socio- economic livelihoods. This book reflects on the challenges faced by the Tonga people, from poor infrastructure, health and education facilities, to the issues caused by soil infertility and extremely low rainfall, which have been exacerbated by climate change. Many Tonga people were displaced by the construction of the Kariba Dam in the 1950s, and their access to the region’s natural resources has been restricted by successive governments. Showcasing the research of Zimbabwean scholars in particular, this book not only reflects on the vulnerabilities faced by the Tonga, but it also looks beyond these, to the livelihood practices that are thriving despite these challenges, and the ways in which livelihoods intertwine with Tonga culture and society more broadly. Overall, this book highlights the resilience of the Tonga people in the face of years of politico- economic crisis and will be an important contribution to research on livelihoods, ethnic minorities and rural development in Africa.
Originally published in 1978, this volume is divided into 3 parts. Part 1 presents an overview of the linguistic situation in Zambia: who speaks which languages, where they are spoken, what these languages are like. Special emphasis is given to the extensive survey of the languages of the Kafue basin, where extensive changes and relocations have taken place. Part 2 is on language use: patterns of competence and of extension for certain languages in urban settings, configurations of comprehension across language boundaries, how selected groups of multilinguals employ each of their languages and for what purposes, what languages are used in radio and television broadcasting and how decisions to use or not use a language are made. Part 3 involves language and formal education: what languages, Zambian and foreign, are used at various levels int he schools, which are taught, with what curricula, methods, how teachers are trained, how issues such as adult literacy are approached and with what success.
Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East is a two-volume A-to-Z reference to the history and culture of the peoples of Africa and the Middle East.
This work is a general introduction to Zambia and its people. All the country's provinces and towns are covered in the book. The author also looks at Zambia since independence, the economy, the country's different ethnic groups and cultures and how the people have been able to build a stable, multi-ethnic society with one identity: One Zambia, One Nation. The author presents a comprehensive picture of Zambia and its people, customs and traditions. The book is about Zambia today. But it's also a historical study of a country which once was a part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. The federation was also known as the Central African Federation. And what was then Northern Rhodesia, which is Zambia today, was the largest country in that colonial union. The author has focused on a number of ethnic groups in the country from a historical and cultural perspective and in terms of contemporary life. The work is also a comprehensive study of the geography of the country and its economic potential including an abundance of natural resources. It is a general study of Zambia as a country and as a nation, rich in culture - customs and traditions - and in history, and full of vitality. It should serve as a good introduction to Zambia, comprehensive enough to meet the needs and satisfy the curiosity of some members of the general public such as tourists who want to learn quite a few things about this African country."