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Tracing the migratory history of once-tribal communities, the Chakmas and Hajongs, of undivided India, who had to be included in Bangladesh and who migrated back to India because of some abnormal historical circumstances, the book presents the citizenship status, political participation, and human rights situa- tion of these communities. The book begins with an understanding of the concepts of refugee, indigenous people, and citizenship. It discusses the context, political or strategic, under which the refugees from Bangladesh were settled in an otherwise protected frontier, protected legally and historically. Towards the end of the book, different models for solutions, suggested by different committees, have been presented. It aims to find a democratic solution to the protracted issue and ignite the minds of all stakeholders, including the host communities. Since the book is mostly based on primary sources, it will remain a helpful resource for scholars and students of human rights, politics, International relations, sociology, anthropology, history, and tribal studies.
India’s party system has been under flux, transformation and reconfiguration since the end of the 1980s. By the time the sun set on the twentieth century, the party system in India had developed a plurality of national and regional levels and following several experiences in fits and starts, coalition making among the parties too stabilized at the national level. The dawn of twenty first century thus witnessed a federalized party system in place, where coalition making and cohabitation amongst the parties stabilized at both national and regional levels. As a result, since 1999 India has had two completing governments completing their full term at the national level; the third, UPA II, has completed four years, and despite hiccups is likely to complete its full term till mid-2013. However, the party system in the country has turned competitive and several trajectories of alternation are being attempted by parties and leaders, making the emerging political situation fluid. The volume attempts to capture the emerging trajectories of the party system in India in the second decade of the twenty first century with seventeen essays written specially for this volume by scholars who met several times to discuss and formulate questions and critique each other’s drafts. Overall, the volume provides an incisive and comprehensive analysis of the far-reaching changes that India’s political parties and party system are undergoing. It looks into the institutional dimensions, processes and agenda, federal manifestations, transitions (including generational change) and extraneous influences brought in by globalization, Indian Diaspora and the impact of new media technology. Constituting an important contribution to the on-going debate on the Indian party system, this volume will attract the attention of students of Indian politics, political science, democracy, party systems and comparative politics.
Original scholarship on economic and social human rights from cutting-edge scholars in the fields of economics, law, political science, sociology and anthropology.
Introduction -- Africa -- Americas -- Asia and the Pacific -- Europe -- Middle East and North Africa (MENA) -- Introduction -- The right of every child to a nationality -- Migration, displacement and childhood statelessness -- The sustainable development agenda and childhood statelessness -- Safeguards against childhood statelessness -- Litigation and legal assistance to address childhood statelessness -- Mobilising to address childhood statelessness
This book identifies the rights of stateless people and outlines the major legal obstacles preventing the eradication of statelessness.
This book considers refugee protection mandates and addresses how legal scholarship can articulate a comprehensive and humane response to the contemporary refugee problem. Analyzing philosophical discourses and India’s policies and practices on refugee protection, including judgments of Indian Courts in refugee related cases, it examines how organizational efforts can make these policies and practices equal for every refugee in India. It also surveys prevailing discriminative protection standards and entitlements developed through Conventions, Declaration and Directives, and compares and contrasts national refugee legislations in South Africa, Brazil and Canada. A key read for scholars and practitioners interested in the legal and policy implications of refugee protection, this text identifies various practices of nation-States from across the North/South divide and provides key insights into the evolving nature of protection agendas.
This volume engages with the renewed focus on various forms of persisting and new marginalities in globalising India. The persistence of hunger in pockets of India; forcible land acquisitions and their impact on deprived sections of society; the effects of urban relocations; material deprivation of minority groups and tribes as a result of conflicts; continuing caste discrimination; reported cases of atrocities against lower castes and tribes; regional disparities; gendered forms of exclusion and those related to disability and many other conditions suggest the need to rethink notions and practices of marginality and exclusion in India. This volume critiques the principal ways of thinking about marginalities, which primarily consist of a focus on normative principles, and brings into focus the chasm between such principles and subjective notions and experiences of marginality and injustice. The uniqueness of this edited volume is that it connects theoretical perspectives with empirical case studies and discussions, and cases of exclusion are discussed within an overall inclusive and integrated framework. This is a valuable resource for researchers, scholars, students, public policy formulators and for social innovators from private sectors and non-government organisations.
What does it mean to be 'stateless' in the modern postcolonial context? This fascinating study addresses this complex question through the case of the Chakma refugees in Arunachal Pradesh. The largely neglected social history of the ethnic Buddhist Chakmas, whose homeland is the Chittagong Hill Tracts (in the present day Bangladesh), carries the multiple imprints of partition, dominant development paradigm and religious persecution. As refugees in the strategically sensitive and disputed territory of Arunachal Pradesh in India's Northeast, they are locked in an intractable conflict over land and resources with the indigenous Arunachalis, themselves marginalized and alienated from the rest of the country.Setting a new dimension in refugee studies, the arguments in this book are developed on the framework of oral narratives, incorporating the self perceptions of both the Chakmas as well as the Arunachalis who host them. The book critically analyses national and international official documents and policy statements and demonstrates the absence of legal-institutional and legislative structures to address the concerns of refugees. It throws into relief the sharp contestations over nationalism, citizenship and ethnicity in South Asia, both at the level of political movements and academic discourse. It sheds new light on the outcomes of partition, boundary making and state formation, as well as dominant development models by examining the everyday experiences of these communities.This book will be a useful resource for scholars and students of politics, international relations, sociology, anthropology and history. It will also help policy makers and lawyers.
​This volume decentres the view of urbanisation in India from large agglomerations towards smaller urban settlements. It presents the outcomes of original research conducted over three years on subaltern processes of urbanization. The volume is organised in four sections. A first one deals with urbanisation dynamics and systems of cities with chapters on the new census towns, demographic and economic trajectories of cities and employment transformation. The interrelations of land transformation, social and cultural changes form the topic of the “land, society, belonging” section based on ethnographic work in various parts of India (Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu). A third section focuses on public policies, governance and urban services with a set of macro-analysis based papers and specific case studies. Understanding the nature of production and innovation in non-metropolitan contexts closes this volume. Finally, though focused on India, this research raises larger questions with regard to the study of urbanisation and development worldwide.
The second revised edition of "Basic Documents on International" "Migration Law" brings together in a single volume the principal international conventions, declarations and instruments governing international migration in the form in which they stood as of early 1997. It contains the texts of these materials (or, where appropriate, extracts from the texts) together with information on the current state of ratification of each instrument and indications of any reservations, interpretative declarations or other statements made by the States parties. The book begins with excerpts from general multilateral texts, ranging from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to the Vienna Declaration of 1993. This is followed by instruments governing nationality and statelessness; materials relating to refugees; and texts emanating from the Council of Europe, the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the European Community and Union and the International Labour Organization. The selection ends with a miscellany of texts of general significance, from the Inter-American Convention on Territorial Asylum of 1954 to the Convention of Human Rights concluded by the Commonwealth of Independent States in 1995. This publication is not intended for scholars alone, but also for practitioners in migration law. The texts are of practical significance for those concerned with the administration of the laws affecting migration and for representatives of those affected by these laws. It also serves as a companion to Richard Plender's monograph, "International Migration Law."