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This is the first comprehensive history of the chemistry department at Imperial College London. Based on archival records, oral testimony, published papers, published and unpublished memoirs, the book tells the story of this world-famous department from its foundation as the Royal College of Chemistry in 1845 to the large department it had become by the year 2000.The book covers research, teaching, departmental governance, students and social life. It also highlights the extraordinary contributions made to the war effort in both the first and second world wars. From its first professors, A. Wilhelm Hofmann and Edward Frankland, the department has been home to many eminent chemists, including, in the later twentieth century, the Nobel laureates Derek Barton and Geoffrey Wilkinson. New information on these and many others is presented in a lively narrative that places both people and events in the larger historical contexts of chemistry, politics, culture and the economy. The book will interest not only those connected with Imperial College, but anyone interested in chemistry and its history, or in higher
These essays grew out of an effort at the EMBL to promote a new form of science communication on the social, ethical, and political issues that surround rapid change in the life sciences. Published in the Journal of Molecular Biology, these eighteen essays address the main topics of the future of the biosciences, biosciences and basic values, genomics and the globalization of biology, science miscommunication, and reproductive technologies. Hot topics such as cloning, genomics, reproductive technologies, heatlh care costs are addressed. Key Features * Significant to those in the life sciences and social sciences * Features an Introduction by Halldór Stefánsson * Published in conjunction with the prestigious European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)
The beginning of Sir Alan Fersht's career coincided with the birth of modern protein science based on structural biology, which started in earnest momentum in the 1960s. He worked in the then Mecca of molecular biology, and was one of the first protein chemists to exploit the new area of structural biology. The papers are interlaced with personal comments on how each article was important in his career and how he each article was important in his career and how he was influenced by the galaxy of legendary scientists in the MRC. --Book Jacket.
This book is a collection of the major scientific papers of Sir Rudolf Peierls (1907-95), including the Peierls-Frisch Memoranda of 1940 on the feasibility, and the predicted human effects, of an atomic bomb made of uranium-235. His papers range widely in topic. They include much on the fundamentals of solid state physics, the thermal and electric conductivity of materials as a function of temperature T (especially T→0), the interpretation of the de Haas-van Alphen effect observed for a metal in a magnetic field, and the basics of transport theory. Many are on problems in statistical mechanics, including his constructive paper demonstrating the existence of a phase transition for Ising's model for a two-dimensional ferromagnet. In nuclear physics, they include the first calculations (with Bethe) on the photo-disintegration of the deuteron (made in response to a challenge by Chadwick), the Kapur-Peierls theory of resonance phenomena in nuclear reactions, the Bohr-Peierls-Placzek continuum model for complex nuclei (which first explained the narrow resonances observed for low energy neutrons incident on very heavy nuclei), and the Peierls-Thouless variational approach to collective phenomena in nuclei. Several of Peierls's wartime papers, now declassified, are here published for the first time.Brief commentaries on most of the papers in this book were added by Peierls, to indicate subsequent developments and their relationship with other work, or to correct errors found later on. A complete bibliography of his writings is given as an appendix.
This popular account of the history of ferment takes the reader on a fascinating journey from its obscure origins in medieval medicine and alchemy to the modern concept of the enzyme. During the 19th century, the question of the nature of the ferment led to a long and bitter conflict between those that believed in a vital force peculiar to the living cell and those that looked for a more chemical explanation. The book takes an in-depth look at the events of 1897 when Eduard Buchner demonstrated that cell-free extracts of yeast could catalyze alcoholic fermentation, putting an end to “vitalism” and at the same time earning him a Nobel Prize, the first to be awarded for purely biochemical work.
Biochemistry plays an important role in all areas of the biological and medical sciences. With most of the research or diagnosis involved in these areas being based on biochemically obtained observations, it is essential to have a profile of well standardized protocols.This manual is a basic guide for all students, researchers and experts in biochemistry, designed to help readers in directly starting off their experiments without prior knowledge of the protocol. The book dwells on the concepts used in designing the methodologies, thereby giving ample room for researchers to modify them according to their research requirements.
The Meaning of Success: Insights from Women at Cambridge makes a compelling case for a more inclusive definition of success. It argues that in order to recognise, reward and realise the talents of both women and men, a more meaningful definition of success is needed. Practical ways of achieving this are explored through interviews with female role models at the University of Cambridge. First-person stories bring alive the achievements and challenges women experience in their working lives, and the effect gender has on careers. The book stimulates a debate about how to bring about a more inclusive working environment.
Ch. 1. Molecular behavior in biological cells : the bacterial cytoplasm as a model system / Adrian H. Elcock and Andrew S. Thomas -- ch. 2. The light-harvesting apparatus in purple photosynthetic bacteria : introduction to a quantum biological device / Johan Strumpfer [und weitere] -- ch. 3. DNA polymerases : structure, function, and modeling / Tamar Schlick -- ch. 4. Information processing by nanomachines : decoding by the ribosome / Karissa Y. Sanbonmatsu, Scott C. Blanchard and Paul C. Whitford -- ch. 5. Chaperonins : the machines which fold proteins / Del Lucent, Martin C Stumpe and Vijay S Pande -- ch. 6. Muscle and myosin / Ronald S. Rock -- ch. 7. Protein kinases : phosphorylation machines / Elaine E. Thompson, Susan S. Taylor and J. Andrew McCammon -- ch. 8. Computational studies of Na+/H+ antiporter : structure, dynamics and function / Assaf Ganoth, Raphael Alhadeff and Isaiah T. Arkin -- ch. 9. Membrane transporters : molecular machines coupling cellular energy to vectorial transport across the membrane / Zhijian Huang [und weitere] -- ch. 10. ABC transporters / E.P. Coll and D.P. Tieleman -- ch. 11. Sodium-coupled secondary transporters : insights from structure-based computations / Elia Zomot [und weitere] -- ch. 12. Voltage-gated ion channels : the machines responsible for the nerve impulse / Benoit Roux and Francisco Bezanilla -- ch. 13. Voltage-gated channels and the heart / Jonathan R. Silva and Yoram Rudy
This book is the bible of bioluminescence and a must-read not only for the students but for those who work in various fields relating to bioluminescence. It summarizes current structural information on all known bioluminescent systems in nature, from well-studied ones to those that have been seldom investigated.This book remains an important source of chemical knowledge on bioluminescence and, since the second edition's publication in 2012, has been revised to include major developments in two systems: earthworm Fridericia and higher fungi whose luciferins have been elucidated and synthesized. These two new luciferins represent an essential addition to seven previously known, with fully rewritten sections covering this new subject matter.
The book focuses on two concurrent experimental therapies in cancer treatment known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and gadolinium neutron capture therapy (GdNCT) using a variety of boron- and gadolinium-based compounds. Some of the gadolinium compounds serve the dual purpose as being MRI contrast agents and GdNCT agents. The book describes why BNCT & GdNCT were not at the forefront of the clinical trials during the past seven to eight decades since the discovery of neutrons by John Chadwick in 1932 and how the latest development in the synthesis of target boron- and gadolinium-based drugs has turned the area into the hottest one worthy of further investigation with the new clinical trials in the USA and elsewhere.