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The Saga of the Greenlanders (Groenlendinga Saga) is one of the two Icelandic Sagas which make up the Vínland Sagas (Vínlandingasögur) which tell the story of the Norse discovery of North America. The story includes the events leading up to Erik the Red being banished from Iceland and discovering Greenland. Following the accidental discovery of lands further west of Greenland, there are a number of expeditions to explore and settle these lands. The story survived by oral tradition over several centuries before being written down in the 13th century. It is preserved in the Flateyjarbók. This book is designed to be of use to anyone studying or with a keen interest in Old Norse or Old Icelandic, clearly showing how these languages work, and the influence of these languages on English. Both Old Norse and Old Icelandic versions are included. This edition is laid out in three columns, the original text, a literal word-for-word translation, and a modern translation. Also included is a word list with over 1,000 definitions. Also available in this series: The Saga of Erik the Red (Eiríks Saga Rauða) and The Vínland Sagas (Vínlandingasögur).
The Saga of the Greenlanders and Eirik the Red’s Saga contain the first ever descriptions of North America, a bountiful land of grapes and vines, discovered by Vikings five centuries before Christopher Columbus. Written down in the early thirteenth century, they recount the Icelandic settlement of Greenland by Eirik the Red, the chance discovery by seafaring adventurers of a mysterious new land, and Eirik’s son Leif the Lucky’s perilous voyages to explore it. Wrecked by storms, stricken by disease and plagued by navigational mishaps, some survived the North Atlantic to pass down this compelling tale of the first Europeans to talk with, trade with, and war with the Native Americans.
The 'Saga of the Greenlanders & Erik the Red' presents an enriching collection that weaves through the fabric of Norse exploration, combining legendary narratives with historical accounts. This anthology juxtaposes various literary styles, from the epic sagas that have shaped our understanding of Viking expeditions to the detailed annals recounting daily lives in harsh, uncharted territories. Its significance lies in the compilation of works that offer a panoramic view of Norse culture and exploration, with pieces that stand out for their depth in exploring the trials and resilience of these early adventurers. The range of literary styles serves as a testament to the diversity and complexity of the Norse literary tradition, providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of its thematic richness and historical depth. John Sephton and Arthur Middleton Reeves, the editors and translators of this collection, bring together their scholarly expertise and deep appreciation for Norse literature. Their backgrounds in medieval studies and Norse traditions lend a critical eye to the selection, ensuring a cohesive blend of narratives that truly embody the spirit of Norse exploration. This anthology aligns with significant cultural and literary movements by highlighting the sagas' contributions to our understanding of pre-modern European narratives, reflecting on themes of exploration, survival, and the human spirit. 'Readers looking to immerse themselves in the saga tradition of the Norse will find 'Saga of the Greenlanders & Erik the Red' an indispensable collection. It offers a unique opportunity to explore the narratives that have captivated scholars and enthusiasts alike, providing a window into the Viking age's societal values, beliefs, and worldviews. This anthology is not just a historical or literary journey; it is an invitation to experience the breadth of Norse culture through the eyes of its people, making it an essential read for anyone interested in medieval literature, exploration narratives, or the saga tradition itself.
One of the most arresting stories in the history of exploration, these two Icelandic sagas tell of the discovery of America by Norsemen five centuries before Christopher Columbus. Together, the direct, forceful twelfth-century Graenlendinga Saga and the more polished and scholarly Eirik's Saga, written some hundred years later, recount how Eirik the Red founded an Icelandic colony in Greenland and how his son, Leif the Lucky, later sailed south to explore - and if possible exploit - the chance discovery by Bjarni Herjolfsson of an unknown land. In spare and vigorous prose they record Europe's first surprise glimpse of the eastern shores of the North American continent and the natives who inhabited them.
"Brown's enthusiasm is infectious as she re-teaches us our history."--The Boston Globe Five hundred years before Columbus, a Viking woman named Gudrid sailed off the edge of the known world. She landed in the New World and lived there for three years, giving birth to a baby before sailing home. Or so the Icelandic sagas say. Even after archaeologists found a Viking longhouse in Newfoundland, no one believed that the details of Gudrid's story were true. Then, in 2001, a team of scientists discovered what may have been this pioneering woman's last house, buried under a hay field in Iceland, just where the sagas suggested it could be. Joining scientists experimenting with cutting-edge technology and the latest archaeological techniques, and tracing Gudrid's steps on land and in the sagas, Nancy Marie Brown reconstructs a life that spanned--and expanded--the bounds of the then-known world. She also sheds new light on the society that gave rise to a woman even more extraordinary than legend has painted her and illuminates the reasons for its collapse. "Brown rightly leaves scholarly work to scholars. Instead, her account presents an enthusiastic appreciation of her education in how fieldwork and literature offer insights into the past."--The Seattle Times "[Brown has] a lovely ear for storytelling."--Los Angeles Times Book Review NANCY MARIE BROWN is the author of A Good Horse Has No Color and Mendel in the Kitchen. She lives in Vermont with her husband, the writer Charles Fergus.
In Iceland, the age of the Vikings is also known as the Saga Age. A unique body of medieval literature, the Sagas rank with the world’s great literary treasures – as epic as Homer, as deep in tragedy as Sophocles, as engagingly human as Shakespeare. Set around the turn of the last millennium, these stories depict with an astonishingly modern realism the lives and deeds of the Norse men and women who first settled in Iceland and of their descendants, who ventured farther west to Greenland and, ultimately, North America. Sailing as far from the archetypal heroic adventure as the long ships did from home, the Sagas are written with psychological intensity, peopled by characters with depth, and explore perennial human issues like love, hate, fate and freedom.
A majestic fictional evocation of the Norse arrival in the New World, from the National Book Award-winning author of Europe Central The time is the tenth century A.D. The newcomers are a proud and bloody-minded people whose kings once changed themselves into wolves. The Norse have advanced as implacably as a glacier from Iceland to the wastes of Greenland and from there to the place they call "Vinland the Good." The natives are a bronze-skinned race who have not yet discovered iron and still see themselves as part of nature. As William T. Vollmann tells the converging stories of these two peoples--and of the Norsewomen Freydis and Gudrid, whose venomous rivalry brings frost into paradise--he creates a tour-de-force of speculative history, a vivid amalgam of Icelandic saga, Inuit creation myth, and contemporary travel writing that yields a new an utterly original vision of our continent and its past.
Norse settlement and culture in south-west Greenland in Middle Ages. Field work in 1953. Translation of Norwegian original Landet under leidarstjernen, published in 1959.
The Vinland Viking Saga: Book 1 History set her fate in stone...