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This book is the first collection of lipid-membrane research conducted by leading mechanicians and experts in continuum mechanics. It brings the overall intellectual framework afforded by modern continuum mechanics to bear on a host of challenging problems in lipid membrane physics. These include unique and authoritative treatments of differential geometry, shape elasticity, surface flow and diffusion, interleaf membrane friction, phase transitions, electroelasticity and flexoelectricity, and computational modelling.
Provides the reader with an up to date insight of the current state of the art in the field of lipid bilayer research and the important insights derived for the understanding of the complex and varied behaviour of biological membranes and its function.
This book presents a comprehensive and coherent picture of how molecules diffuse across a liquid that is, on average, only two molecules thick. It begins by characterizing bilayers structurally, using X-ray diffraction, and then mechanically by measuring elastic moduli and mechanisms of failure. Emphasis is placed on the stability and mechanical properties of plant membranes that are subject to very large osmotic and thermal stresses. Using this information, the transport of molecules of increasing complexity across bilayers is analyzed.
Lipid molecules self-assemble into fluid membranes only two molecules thick to form a dual leaflet structure with fascinating properties. These dynamic assemblies not only provide for compartmentalization and transportation in the three dimensional world of biological cells, but also play a part in the organization of a two dimensional community of molecules in the membrane itself. This system of lipids, proteins, sugars, and other biological molecules are governed by the laws of soft matter physics. Understanding the relationships between geometry, energy, and time scale in these biological systems is necessary for insight into how dynamic processes, such as sorting, signaling, and transport function in the cell. Results from computational and experimental studies of membranes are presented with emphasis on the mechanics and thermodynamics of the membrane across multiple scales. Atomistic studies of skin lipids in the stratum corneum layer are presented along with system perturbations resulting from small amounts of an additive. A coarse-grained lipid model illustrates the effects of membrane adsorption in supported lipid bilayers including changes to area per lipid, density, and pressure profiles. Finally, macroscopic experimental systems of multilamellar supported lipid bilayers are used to demonstrate the interactions between phase separated domains of lipids, membrane bending mechanics, and domain line tension.
The Elsevier book-series "Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes’ (APLBL) provides a global platform for a broad community of experimental and theoretical researchers studying cell membranes, lipid model membranes and lipid self-assemblies from the micro- to the nanoscale. Planar lipid bilayers are widely studied due to their ubiquity in nature and find their application in the formulation of biomimetic model membranes and in the design of artificial dispersion of liposomes. Moreover, lipids self-assemble into a wide range of other structures including micelles and the liquid crystalline hexagonal and cubic phases. Consensus has been reached that curved membrane phases do play an important role in nature as well, especially in dynamic processes such as vesicles fusion and cell communication. Self-assembled lipid structures have enormous potential as dynamic materials ranging from artificial lipid membranes to cell membranes, from biosensing to controlled drug delivery, from pharmaceutical formulations to novel food products to mention a few. An assortment of chapters in APLBL represents both an original research as well as comprehensives reviews written by world leading experts and young researchers. The APLBL book series gives a survey on recent theoretical as well as experimental results on lipid micro and nanostructures. In addition, the potential use of the basic knowledge in applications like clinically relevant diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, biotechnology, pharmaceutical engineering and food products is presented. An assortment of chapters in APLBL represents both an original research as well as comprehensives reviews written by world leading experts and young researchers.
As a result of their unique physical properties, biological membrane mimetics, such as liposomes, are used in a broad range of scientific and technological applications. Liposomes, Lipid Bilayers and Model Membranes: From Basic Research to Application describes state-of-the-art research and future directions in the field of membranes, which has evo
The book âLipid Bilayers: Properties, Behavior and Interactions' provides a broad overview of an important biological system âcell membrane'. The cell is the powerhouse where processes of life are controlled. Cell membranes consist of lipid bilayers that make biological boundaries. The bilayer participates in determining most of the cell-based uptakes of materials, exchanging of information between both sides and ensuring helping vital biological processes to continue. We have focused specifically on an understanding of various aspects of lipid membrane bilayers. The book is focused on a detailed description of the diverse mechanisms and phenomena associated with membranes. Lipid bilayers exist in various parts of the cell, namely, across the plasma membrane, mitochondrial membrane, and nuclear membrane. While exploring lipid bilayers we shall, therefore, need to consider structures and functions of various sections of biological cells. Besides spectroscopic observations and electrical measurements of membrane bilayers, we address here the phenomena of coexistence and independent existence of different membrane components using various theoretical and experimental methodologies popularly used in biology, physics, mathematics, chemistry, biomedical engineering, and general medical sciences. The focus has been made on explaining diverse mechanisms that play crucial roles in molecular level in the construction of lipid bilayers and maintaining the relevant biological functions. This book will be helpful for readers who want to understand biological processes by applying both simple observations and fundamental scientific analysis. It provides a deep understanding of the causes and effects of molecular processes inside lipid bilayer membranes. A group of eminent scientists from around the globe contributed chapters focusing on different aspects. Each chapter may be found to present an individual topic and elaborate on a specific problem. But the chapters altogether have covered most of the basic aspects relevant to the title of the book. The book will be a vital reference for scientific understanding of lipid bilayers.