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Through government documents, autobiographies, correspondence, this book presents a look at the Southern backcountry that engendered its role in the Revolutionary War; with attention to political, social, and military history.
A description of the events that led to the climax and eventual demise of the British campaigns in the Southern theater during the Revolutionary War. The introductory chapter presents the British and Hessian employment of the eighteenth century European method of warfare and the ways it contrasted with the colonial army's diverse and constantly changing fighting styles. The subsequent nine chapters detail the principal military efforts of the British in the South, their capture of seaports, movement in the backcountry, and the critical winter campaign of 1780-81. This almost forgotten campaign and its trilogy of intense clashes at Guilford Court House, Cowpens, and Kings Mountain proved pivotal to American independence. The leadership of the armies isolated in the backcountry and left to their own resources for survival is addressed. The British profiles include the admirably courageous direction of Lord Charles Cornwallis, his morally questionable but valorous cavalry commander Banastre Tarleton, as well as a cadre of impressive young officers such as Webster, Stuart, O'Hara, Hall, and Ewall. Swisher's profiles of the Southern colonial army details the genius strategies of Maj.Gen. Nathaneal Greene and the astute backwoods tactical abilities of Daniel Morgan at Cowpens.
Small armies of men waged a ferocious series of battles in the southern theater, changing the outcome of the Revolutionary War. When the British effort to subdue the Colonies moved to the southern provinces, the men of Appalachia sought to protect their homes and families. In the winter of 1780-81, the turning point of the southern war occurred in the Carolina back country. A trio of battles occurred at Kings Mountain, Cowpens, and Guilford Court House. These clashes proved pivotal to American independence, destroying British army capability in the south and facilitating the American victory at Yorktown.
Biography of Col. James Williams, 1740-1780, the highest ranking officer who died from wounds suffered at the Battle of Kings Mountain (October 7, 1780) during the American Revolutionary War.
Essays originally presented at a symposium in Washington, D.C., Mar. 18-19, 1982 under the sponsorship of the United States Capitol Historical Society and the Institute of Early American History and Culture.
From one of the South′s foremost historians, this is the dramatic story of the conflict in South Carolina that was one of the most pivotal contributions to the American Revolution. In 1779, Britain strategised a war to finally subdue the rebellious American colonies with a minimum of additional time, effort, and blood. Setting sail from New York harbour with 8,500 ground troops, a powerful British fleet swung south towards South Carolina. One year later, Charleston fell. And as King George′s forces pushed inland and upward, it appeared the six-year-old colonial rebellion was doomed to defeat. In a stunning work on forgotten history, acclaimed historian Walter Edgar takes the American Revolution far beyond Lexington and Concord to re-create the pivotal months in a nation′s savage struggle for freedom. It is a story of military brilliance and devastating human blunders - and the courage of an impossibly outnumbered force of demoralised patriots who suffered terribly at the hands of a merciless enemy, yet slowly gained confidence through a series of small triumphs that convinced them their war could be won. Alive with incident and colour.
This book chronicles 18 months in the life of sixteen-year-old Thomas Young who lived and fought in South Carolina during America's revolution. All but one of the main characters were real people, however the dialog in most instances was created. The dialog is based on knowledge gleaned from their personal histories, memoirs, pension records, and from research about the significant Revolutionary War events in which they participated.Thomas Young and his family and friends represent an exemplary display of sacrifice, courage, and determination in their pursuit of liberty for themselves and generations to follow. The southern colonies during 1780 and 1781 were thrust into a civil war between those loyal to Great Britain and those who sought independence from the crown. No one could straddle the fence on this fundamental issue. People lived in an environment of neighbor against neighbor, congregation against congregation, and sometimes brother against brother. It is against this backdrop that Thomas Young made his decision to fight for the liberation of his new country, the United States of America. The southern campaign of the Revolutionary War has been under emphasized by historical writers and it is hoped this work will help readers, especially young ones, develop a greater appreciation for the southern Partisans in particular and for all Patriots in general.
The partisan war in the Revolutionary War South demonstrated the vital linkage between the civil and military authorities. In the policies created to persuade the people of the righteousness of the American cause and neutralize opposition, the civil leadership of South Carolina inadvertently set the conditions for a violent civil war. The experiences derived from a century's worth of almost constant conflict, both internal and external, determined the nature of the ensuing civil war. Upon the occupation by the British in 1780, the calm that settled over the Southern colonies was brief, as British military leaders addressed the political problem in such a way as to lead to renewed revolt and an effective partisan campaign. The civil war became intertwined with the overall campaigns of the American and British forces, with the nature of the leaders having equal effect on the concurrent civil war. The American Revolution is enshrined in the American national conscious as a glorious endeavor in which a group of courageous, honorable, and just heroes triumphed over the cowardly, cruel, and dictatorial blackguards. The common conception seems to be all members of the American society were treated to the civil liberties the Continental Army fought for, and the British were without exception a terrible occupation force. To look at the Revolution in such stark terms fails to do justice to either side, as war is subject to all of mankind's capacity for the heroic as well as weakness. Within the struggle for redress, then independence from Great Britain, it was also a civil war fought over differing visions of how the American colonies should be governed. In the Southern department, the strategic problem of combating insurgent forces was complicated by a vicious civil war disrupting stabilization. The Revolutionary War's Southern campaign is an object lesson in the failure of the civil and military leaders to take into account the political and military history of an area and its people. The unintended consequences of their decisions and policy caused a bloody conflict, which effectively destroyed any chances of the victors and vanquished being able to rebuild a common society. Chapter 1 is the introduction and will contain a discussion of the research questions and provide the basis for an examination of the war, followed by the historical development of North and South Carolina, the demographic makeup of the colonies, and the early class divisions and popular perception in Chapter 2. Fundamental is the process of development of governments, law and order and loyalties therein. Chapter 3 will examine the military history of the Carolinas prior to the American Revolution, reviewing the methods employed in quelling conflicts with the Native Americans, and introducing the military backgrounds of its several key leaders. The partisan outside the context of the resistance to the British is presented in Chapter 4. The conduct of the loosely based organizations terrorizing the backcountry led to an increased level of acts committed against civilians and rivals for personal vice military reasons. The military effects on the partisan war conducted against the British are examined in Chapter 5. Conclusions and an evaluation of the partisan war as a component of Greene's Southern Campaign are presented in Chapter 6. Further, the concluding chapter will discuss the application of lessons learned to contemporary operating environment.
The battle of Cowpens was a crucial turning point in the Revolutionary War in the South and stands as perhaps the finest American tactical demonstration of the entire war. On 17 January 1781, Daniel Morgan's force of Continental troops and militia routed British regulars and Loyalists under the command of Banastre Tarleton. The victory at Cowpens helped put the British army on the road to the Yorktown surrender and, ultimately, cleared the way for American independence. Here, Lawrence Babits provides a brand-new interpretation of this pivotal South Carolina battle. Whereas previous accounts relied on often inaccurate histories and a small sampling of participant narratives, Babits uses veterans' sworn pension statements, long-forgotten published accounts, and a thorough knowledge of weaponry, tactics, and the art of moving men across the landscape. He identifies where individuals were on the battlefield, when they were there, and what they saw--creating an absorbing common soldier's version of the conflict. His minute-by-minute account of the fighting explains what happened and why and, in the process, refutes much of the mythology that has clouded our picture of the battle. Babits put the events at Cowpens into a sequence that makes sense given the landscape, the drill manual, the time frame, and participants' accounts. He presents an accurate accounting of the numbers involved and the battle's length. Using veterans' statements and an analysis of wounds, he shows how actions by North Carolina militia and American cavalry affected the battle at critical times. And, by fitting together clues from a number of incomplete and disparate narratives, he answers questions the participants themselves could not, such as why South Carolina militiamen ran toward dragoons they feared and what caused the "mistaken order" on the Continental right flank.