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An emerging body of literature suggests that there is a great need to investigate the relationship between the importance individuals place on key social and economic Human Rights and their perception of the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility. The primary aim of this study is to begin to address this lacuna by understanding how individuals in Russia and Bulgaria may place different emphasis on specific aspects of Human Rights when making decisions to purchase, work, invest or support the community operations for socially responsible organisations. Russia and Bulgaria were chosen also to test the veracity of assumptions, embedded in most literature, contending that the importance of individual perceptions of Human Rights is homogeneous across Eastern and Central European countries. Our data indicate that there is a significant correlation between individuals' sensitivity towards Human Rights and the perception of the importance of CSR. Our analysis also outlines significant differences between the Russian and the Bulgarian samples with regards to the manners in which individuals rank the importance of Human Rights.
Is corporate social responsibility (CSR) a universal idea? Is the same exact definition of CSR relevant for any organization, regardless of context? Or would such a definition need to be adapted to fit different types of organizations, in different cultures, industries and sectors? This book discusses how CSR preferably should be practiced in various generalized contexts. Experts share their knowledge on whether a broad definition of CSR can be practiced as is or if it first has to undergo changes, in as various generalized contexts as Buddhist and Islamic organizations, developing countries, the food processing industry, the shipping industry, and the pharmaceutical industry.
In the 21st century, one of the most noteworthy changes in the human rights debate relates to the increased recognition of the link between business and human rights. This book is an attempt to explore this relationship and also to look into the obligations of the state and transnational corporations in the promotion of human rights. Business and Human Rights discusses how globalization has affected individuals in the enjoyment of their human rights in relation to the activities of corporations. The book addresses what additional steps the states should take to protect against human rights abuses by business enterprises that are owned or controlled by the state. Moreover, it covers, in depth, the role and contribution of the United Nations in business and human rights. The book includes several real-life case studies to help the readers understand the topics discussed.
This book traces the development of the Business & Human Rights (BHR) regime that has so far culminated with the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. It first surveys the argumentation and negotiation strategies that led to agreement on key elements of the BHR regime despite a range conflicting interests across stakeholders from public, private and not-for-profit organisations. It then maps out pro-active regulatory strategies and public-private regulation for promoting responsible business conduct, offering insights for civil society, public regulators, business managers, academics and others. The book will assist engaged parties in structuring their arguments within negotiation processes with a view to enhancing their influence on change in business organisations in support of sustainability and new norms of conduct.
This book addresses one of the core challenges in the corporate social responsibility (or business and human rights) debate: how to ensure adequate access to remedy for victims of corporate abuses that infringe upon their human rights. However, ensuring access to remedy depends on a series of normative and judicial elements that become highly complex when disputes are transnational. In such cases, courts need to consider and apply different laws that relate to company governance, to determine the competent forum, to define which bodies of law to apply, and to ensure the adequate execution of judgments. The book also discusses how alternative methods of dispute settlement can relate to this topic, and the important role that private international law plays in access to remedy for corporate-related human rights abuses. This collection comprises 20 national reports from jurisdictions in Europe, North America, Latin America and Asia, addressing the private international law aspects of corporate social responsibility. They provide an overview of the legal differences between geographical areas, and offer numerous examples of how states and their courts have resolved disputes involving private international law elements. The book draws two preliminary conclusions: that there is a need for a better understanding of the role that private international law plays in cases involving transnational elements, in order to better design transnational solutions to the issues posed by economic globalisation; and that the treaty negotiations on business and human rights in the United Nations could offer a forum to clarify and unify several of the elements that underpin transnational disputes involving corporate human rights abuses, which could also help to identify and bridge the existing gaps that limit effective access to remedy. Adopting a comparative approach, this book appeals to academics, lawyers, judges and legislators concerned with the issue of access to remedy and reparation for corporate abuses under the prism of private international law.
Over the last decade the question of the relationship between organisations and society has been subject to much debate, often of a critical nature. The decade has seen protests concerning the actions of organisations, exposures of corporate exploitation and unfolding accounting scandals. At the same time ethical behaviour and a concern for the environment have been shown to have a positive correlation with corporate performance. The nature of corporate social responsibility is therefore a topical one for businesses and academics. There are however many different perspectives upon what is meant by corporate social responsibility and how this might be applied within organisations. This book explores some of these different perspectives based upon the experiences of different people in different parts of the world. There has been much written about globalisation – some of it positive and much of it negative. It is a subject which arouses definite opinions. Despite the fact that the word globalisation is part of the title of this book it is not our intention to contribute to this debate. Instead we use the word globalisation in its original sense to represent the ubiquity of the concern for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) which is the subject matter of this book. Specifically we are concerned with the social contract between an organisation and its stakeholders. It is apparent that any actions which an organisation undertakes will have an effect not just upon itself but also upon the external environment within which that organisation resides. In considering the effect of the organisation upon its external environment it must be recognised that this environment includes both the business environment in which the firm is operating, the local societal environment in which the organisation is located and the wider global environment. Effectively therefore there is a social contract between organizations and their stakeholders. Recognition of the rights of all stakeholders and the duty of a business to be accountable in this wider context therefore has been largely a relatively recent phenomenon. The economic view of accountability only to owners has only recently been subject to debate to any considerable extent. In the current environment there is a need to debate this issue and its implications. This book therefore recognises the international scope of the interest in corporate social responsibility both through the contributions made by the authors of the respective chapters, who come from various parts of the world, and also through the international importance of the perspectives offered by these contributors. In doing so the various authors demonstrate that corporations are a part of society just as much as each of us is as a individual. Furthermore they demonstrate that the issues and concerns are not local ones but are international is scope and concern us all. The contributions to this book provide a representation of the range of concern for this relationship and the range of topics which fall within the subject matter of CSR. Among the authors who have contributed to this book are representatives from every continent and from a wide range of disciplines. The topics which are considered in the various chapters are equally diverse.
"This publication contains the 'Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Implementing the United Nations Protect, Respect and Remedy Framework', which were developed by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises. The Special Representative annexed the Guiding Principles to his final report to the Human Rights Council (A/HRC/17/31), which also includes an introduction to the Guiding Principles and an overview of the process that led to their development. The Human Rights Council endorsed the Guiding Principles in its resolution 17/4 of 16 June 2011."--P. iv.
When generating electronic products, manufacturing enterprises are producing pollution and waste that is harmful to the environment. As a result of this increasing event, green production has become a valuable research topic. Green Production Strategies for Sustainability is an essential reference source for the latest empirical research and relevant theoretical frameworks on creating profit through environmentally friendly operating processes. Including coverage on a range of topics such as corporate social responsibility, environmental performance, and green supply chain, this book is ideally designed for managers, professionals, and researchers seeking current research on green production use in sustainability.
The issue of human rights, in the context of corporate social responsibility, is normally taken to relate to concern about exploitation in the supply chain - child labour, slavery in developing countries, and similar evils; but of course, human rights are engaged in relation to the treatment of employees in any work situation. Indeed, as Human Dignity and Managerial Responsibility illustrates, the handling of employees is increasingly recognised as an important ingredient of sustainable enterprise - evidence shows that ethical and socially responsible behaviour is increasingly and successfully being engaged in many large corporations. Much has been written about the responsibilities of managers. Since employees are claimed by all organisations to be among their most important stakeholders it is ironic that research finds that the behaviour of many managers towards employees is often inappropriate. The editors and contributors of Human Dignity and Managerial Responsibility argue that there is a clear connection between maintaining the dignity of the workforce and corporate performance and sustainability. Their multiple perspectives on the workplace examine the position of the employee as a stakeholder, together with issues about managing employees in relation to social responsibility and sustainability. They discuss diversity in the broadest sense, filling a gap in the research-related literature essential to a more rounded understanding of CSR. Human Dignity and Managerial Responsibility will appeal to a wide audience amongst those with an academic or professional interest in CSR, sustainability, governance and stakeholder management, human rights, diversity, human resource management, and organisational development.
With this book, Charlotte Walker-Said and John D. Kelly have assembled an essential toolkit to better understand how the notoriously ambiguous concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) functions in practice within different disciplines and settings. Bringing together cutting-edge scholarship from leading figures in human rights programs around the United States, they vigorously engage some of the major political questions of our age: what is CSR, and how might it render positive political change in the real world? The book examines the diverse approaches to CSR, with a particular focus on how those approaches are siloed within discrete disciplines such as business, law, the social sciences, and human rights. Bridging these disciplines and addressing and critiquing all the conceptual domains of CSR, the book also explores how CSR silos develop as a function of the competition between different interests. Ultimately, the contributors show that CSR actions across all arenas of power are interdependent, continually in dialogue, and mutually constituted. Organizing a diverse range of viewpoints, this book offers a much-needed synthesis of a crucial element of today’s globalized world and asks how businesses can, through their actions, make it better for everyone.